2015年—2018年甘肃省恶性肿瘤发病和死亡情况及变化趋势分析

Analysis of the incidence and mortality of malignant tumors in Gansu Province and their trends from 2015 to 2018

目的:分析2015年—2018年甘肃省恶性肿瘤发病和死亡的情况及变化趋势。方法:收集2015年—2018年甘肃省恶性肿瘤相关数据,按性别、城乡和年龄组分层计算粗率、年龄别率、年龄标准化率(简称标化率)、和0~74岁累积率等统计指标。结果:2015年—2018年甘肃省肿瘤登记地区恶性肿瘤的粗发病率为282.28/10万(男性:320.56/10万,女性:242.03/10万),发病的中标率(按照2000年中国标准人口结构调整计算的标化率)和世标率(按照Segi’s世界标准人口结构调整计算的标化率)分别为216.75/10万和216.63/10万;粗死亡率为171.78/10万(男性:212.02/10万,女性:129.53/10万),死亡的中标率和世标率分别为133.77/10万和131.65/10万。恶性肿瘤发病和死亡均在60~64岁年龄组开始快速上升,在80~84岁年龄组达到高峰,随后在≥85年龄组下降。恶性肿瘤发病前5位依次是胃癌、肺癌、肝癌、结直肠癌和食管癌,前10位占全部恶性肿瘤发病的77.46%;死亡前5位依次是胃癌、肺癌、肝癌、食管癌和结直肠癌,前10位占全部恶性肿瘤死亡的86.43%。结论:甘肃省恶性肿瘤负担仍然较重,消化道肿瘤、肺癌和女性乳腺癌仍是甘肃省高发癌种,应根据恶性肿瘤的流行特点,加强一级预防和二级预防,优化肿瘤防控模式,为实践健康甘肃、健康中国战略做出贡献。

Objective:To analyze the incidence and mortality of malignant tumors in Gansu Province and their changing trends from 2015 to 2018.Methods:Collect relevant data of malignant tumors in Gansu Province from 2015 to 2018,and calculate statistical indicators such as crude rates,age-specific rates,age-standardized rates,and cumulative rates(0-74 years old)stratified by gender,area,and age groups.Results:From 2015 to 2018,the crude incidence rate of malignant tumors in tumor registration areas of Gansu Province was 282.08/100000(320.56/100000 for male and 242.03/100000 for female),and the age-standardized incidence rate by Chinese standard population in 2000(ASIRC)and the age-standardized incidence rate by Segi's world standard population(ASIRW)were 216.75/100000 and 216.63/100000,respectively.The crude mortality rate was 171.78/100000(212.02/100000 for male and 129.53/100000 for female),and the age-standardized mortality rate by Chinese standard population in 2000(ASMRC)and age-standardized mortality rate by Segi's world standard population(ASMRW)were 133.77/100000 and 131.65/100000,respectively.The incidence and mortality of malignant tumors began to increase rapidly in the age group of 60-64 years,reached the peak in the age group of 80-84 years,and then decreased in the age group of≥85 years.The top 5 malignant tumors were gastric cancer,lung cancer,liver cancer,colorectal cancer,and esophageal cancer,with the top 10 malignant tumors accounting for 77.46%of all new cases;The top 5 deaths were gastric cancer,lung cancer,liver cancer,esophageal cancer,and colorectal cancer,with the top 10 malignant tumors accounting for 86.43%of all deaths.Conclusion:The burden of malignant in Gansu Province is still heavy.The incidence of tumors of the digestive systems,lung cancer and female breast cancer are still among the highest in Gansu Province.Primary prevention and secondary prevention approaches should be strengthened and cancer prevention and control models should be optimized according to the epidemological characteristics of malignant tumors,optimize cancer prevention and control models,in order to contribute to the implementation of healthy Gansu and healthy China strategies.