肝内胆管癌中FGFR2突变的分子机制及诊断和治疗现状

The molecular mechanism,diagnosis and treatment of FGFR2 mutation in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma

肝内胆管癌是一种高度恶性且易复发的肝脏肿瘤。手术、化疗和放疗等治疗手段对肝内胆管癌的疗效较差。测序和组学技术的进步为肝内胆管癌的靶向治疗提供了方向。成纤维细胞生长因子受体2(fibroblast growth factor 2,FGFR2)突变作为肝内胆管癌中好发的基因异常之一,其分子机制及致癌能力已通过基础研究得到了较为深入的解析,针对带有FGFR2突变的肝内胆管癌的靶向治疗也已经应用于临床并取得了良好的治疗效果。本文从基础研究和临床策略2方面出发,系统地回顾了肝内胆管癌中FGFR2突变致癌的具体分子机制和携带FGFR2突变的肝内胆管癌的临床诊疗现状。

Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma is a type of malignant liver tumor with a high recurrence rate.Surgical resection,chemotherapy,and radiotherapy have poor therapeutic effects on intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.Advances in sequencing and omics technologies have provided new directions for targeted therapies for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.Fibroblast growth factor receptor 2(FGFR2)mutation is one of the most frequent gene abnormalities found in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.The carcinogenic mechanism of FGFR2 has been extensively elucidated through basic research.Targeted therapies for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma with FGFR2 mutation have achieved good therapeutic effect in clinical application.In this paper,the carcinogenic mechanism of FGFR2 mutations,and the current status of diagnosis and treatment of intrahepatic cholangio-carcinoma with FGFR2 mutations was reviewed from the perspectives of basic research and clinical strategies.