炎性乳腺癌的特征及肿瘤微环境研究进展

Research progress in the characteristics and tumor microenvironment of inflammatory breast cancer

炎性乳腺癌(inflammatory breast cancer,IBC)是一类罕见且具有高侵袭性的乳腺癌,占所有乳腺癌的2%~4%。尽管IBC的发病率低,但进展迅速且死亡率高。临床病理研究表明,IBC与非IBC有着类似的病理类型及分子分型,治疗策略依然参考非IBC的治疗原则。然而,相较于相同临床分期的非IBC,所有分子亚型的IBC对治疗的反应均较差,并且预后也差。基因组学和转录调控研究尚未发现可以转化为治疗靶点的IBC独特的生物学机制,肿瘤微环境可能是导致其恶性进展的关键因素。本文阐述了IBC的疾病特征、治疗、基因组学、转录调控以及肿瘤微环境方面的研究进展,以期为进一步研究IBC及寻找更有效的治疗方法提供思路。

Inflammatory breast cancer(IBC)is a rare and highly aggressive type of breast cancer,accounting for 2%-4%of all breast cancers.Despite its low incidence,it progresses rapidly and has a high mortality rate.Histopathological studies have shown that IBC and non-IBC have similar pathological and molecular subtypes,and treatment strategies still refer to the treatment principles of non-IBC.However,all molecular subtypes of IBC,in stage-matched comparison with non-IBC,have poorer therapeutic response and overall survival.Studies on genomics and transcriptional regulation have not found the unique biological mechanism of IBC that can be transformed into therapeutic targets,and the tumor microenvironment may be a key factor in its malignant progression.Here,the present review discusses the research progress in disease characteristics,treatment,genomics,transcriptional modulation and tumor microenvironment of IBC,in order to provide ideas for further study and search for more effective treatment methods.