甲状腺术中喉上神经的辨识和保护策略

Identification and protection of superior laryngeal nerve in thyroid surgery

喉上神经损伤是甲状腺手术常见并发症,但以往因损伤后症状隐匿而不受重视。随着患者对术后声音质量要求的提高,喉上神经的辨识和保护成为甲状腺手术的重要环节。全面的术前评估、精细的手术操作和精准的神经监测,是甲状腺术中有效辨识喉上神经以及减少喉上神经损伤的有效策略。本文从喉上神经与甲状腺的解剖关系、喉上神经损伤原因、喉上神经损伤后的症状和诊断,以及保护策略等多个角度,阐述甲状腺术中喉上神经保护的临床意义及保护策略。

Superior laryngeal nerve injury is a common complication of thyroid surgery,but it has been ignored in the past because of the concealment of symptoms.With the improvement of patients’requirements for postoperative sound quality,the identification and protection of the superior laryngeal nerve has become important during thyroid surgery.Comprehensive preoperative evaluation,precise surgical operation,and precise nerve-monitoring are effective strategies to identify and reduce the injury risk of superior laryngeal nerve.Here,the significance and clinical strategies of the protection of superior laryngeal nerve during thyroid surgery from the anatomical relationship to thyroid,the reasons of injury,injured symptoms and diagnosis,and protection strategies for superior laryngeal nerve are introduced.