汽车座椅静强度仿真分析与试验

Simulation Analysis and Test of Static Strength of Automobile Seats

运用Hyper Mesh有限元前处理软件建立某乘用车座椅骨架的有限元模型,依据GB 14167-2013《汽车安全带固定点、ISOFIX固定点系统及上拉带固定点》和GB 15083-2006《汽车座椅、座椅固定装置及头枕强度要求和试验方法》的规定对座椅进行安全带固定点及头枕强度仿真分析,利用LS-DYNA软件进行求解计算。分析结果表明,对座椅施加法规标准的120%载荷时,座椅的安全带固定点及头枕强度均符合法规要求,最大受力位置对座椅的安全性影响不大。为验证座椅头枕强度仿真模型的准确性,对座椅头枕进行强度试验,试验结果与仿真结果误差为6.48%,仿真模型具有较高的参考价值。

A FEA model of the seat frame in a passenger car is established using the Hyper Mesh finite element pretreatment software.According to the regulations of GB14167-2013(Fixed Points of Safety Belt,ISOFIX Fixed Point System and Fixed Points of Upper Pull Belt)and GB15083-2006(Strength Requirements and Test Methods of Seat,Seat Fixed Device and Headrest strength),the fixing points of the seat belt fixed and the strength of the pillow are simulated and analyzed using LS-DYNA.The results show that the strengths of the fixing point of the seat belt and the pillow can meet the requirements from the law,when the seat is subjected to a statutory standard 120%load.The maximum stress position has trifling impact on the safety of the seat.To verify the accuracy of the simulation model on the headrest strength,the static strength of the seat has been experimentally tested.The error between the results from the experimental test and the numerical simulation is 6.48%.Thus,the numerical model built in this work can be treated as reference for future works.