两汉时期中原地区水利技术西传及其社会影响——以敦煌地区水利开发为中心的考察

The Westward Transmission and Its Social Impact of Water Conservancy Technology in the Central Plains during the Han Peroid——A Case Study of Water Resources Development in the Dunhuang Region

古代敦煌地区是多民族文化交融的平台与熔炉,羌、塞种、月氏、乌孙、匈奴、鲜卑、吐谷浑、粟特、吐蕃、回鹘、党项、蒙古及裕固等民族或其先人先后活动在此地区,形成这个地区五彩斑斓的独特文化景观。从河西走廊到敦煌,农业生产是保障这一地区各个民族及不同文化交往交融得以长期延续的基础。水利在河西走廊开发过程中起到了关键的作用,也是中原汉文化向西传播并在包括敦煌地区在内的河西走廊能够固化下来、促成各民族文化交流交融的根基。水利技术从中原地区向西部的传播,拓展了汉文化影响的空间,对中国古代边疆的形成与稳固、屯田与发展农业生产以及各民族的融合提供了稳定的生计环境。水利技术在西部的传播也是中原文明向边疆地区传播的一个重要方面。

The ancient Dunhuang region served as a platform and melting pot for the blending of multi-ethnic cultures.Various ethnic groups such as the Qiang,Saka,Yuezhi,Wusun,Xiongnu,Xianbei,Tuyuhun,Sogdians,Tubo,Uighurs,Tangut,Mongols,and Yugur,or their ancestors,successively inhabited this region,creating a diverse and unique cultural landscape.Agricultural production,from the Hexi Corridor to Dunhuang region,formed the foundation for the long-term continuity of interactions and cultural exchanges among different ethnic groups in this region.Water conservancy technology played a crucial role in the development of the Hexi Corridor and provided a solid foundation for the spread of Central Plains Han culture,including in the Dunhuang region,facilitating cultural exchanges and blending among various ethnic groups.The transmission of water conservancy technology from the Central Plains to the western regions expanded the influence of Han culture and provided a stable living environment for the formation and stability of ancient Chinese border areas,agricultural production,and the integration of diverse ethnic groups.The dissemination of water conservancy technology in the western regions also played a significant role in the spread of Central Plains civilization to frontier regions.