刀豆蛋白A、D-氨基半乳糖、四氯化碳致小鼠急性肝损伤病理比较

Comparison of Pathological Morphology of Mice Acute Liver Injury Induced by Concanavalin A,D galactosamine and Carbon Tetrachloride

目的:探讨刀豆蛋白A、D-氨基半乳糖、四氯化碳致小鼠急性肝损伤的病理形态特点。方法:小鼠分别一次性尾静脉注射20 mg/kg的刀豆蛋白A、腹腔注射60 mg/kg四氯化碳、腹腔注射800 mg/kg D-氨基半乳糖,并分别于注射刀豆蛋白8 h、四氯化碳和D-氨基半乳糖16 h后取血并处死小鼠,打开腹腔观察肝脏大体病理形态,石蜡切片,HE、PAS染色,镜下观察肝脏的组织病理形态改变,检测血清ALT、AST活力。结果:三种造模药均造成小鼠血清ALT、AST活力明显升高(P<0.05或P<0.01);刀豆蛋白A主要造成小鼠肝脏不同程度肝细胞凋亡和肝糖原减少的病理损伤;D-氨基半乳糖主要造成小鼠肝脏嗜酸小体的蓄积和肝糖原的减少;四氯化碳主要造成小鼠肝细胞坏死并伴炎细胞浸润的病理损伤。结论:刀豆蛋白A、D-氨基半乳糖、四氯化碳均能造成急性肝功能损伤;三种造模药造成的形态损伤不同;四氯化碳致肝损伤模型稳定,D-氨基半乳糖较稳定,刀豆蛋白A致肝损伤模型易产生个体差异。

Objective:To explore the pathological characteristics of acute liver injury in mice induced by concanavalin A,D galactosamine and carbon tetrachloride.Methods:The experimental mice were intravenously injected with 20 mg/kg concanavalin A,and intraperitoneally injected with 60 mg/kg carbon tetrachloride and 800 mg/kg D galactosamine alone.Then 8 h after concanavalin A injection and 16 h after carbon tetrachloride and D galactosamine injection,blood was taken and the experimental mice were sacrificed.The abdominal cavity was opened to observe the pathological morphology of the liver tissue.Paraffin embedded sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin(HE)and periodic acid schiff(PAS).The histopathological changes of the liver tissue were observed under the microscope.The activities of aspartate aminotransferase(ALT)and alanine aminotransferase(AST)in serum were tested.Results:In the three model groups,the activities of ALT and AST were increased(P<0.05 or P<0.01).Different degrees of cell apoptosis and reduced liver glycogen were found in mice with concanavalin A-induced pathological damage.D galactosamine mainly caused the accumulation of acidophilic bodies in the liver tissue and the reduction of liver glycogen.In mice with carbon tetrachloride-induced pathological damage,the necrosis of liver cells accompanied by inflammatory cell infiltration was mainly detected.Conclusion:Concanavalin A,D galactosamine,and carbon tetrachloride can lead to acute liver injury.The morphological damage caused by the three modeling drugs is different.Carbon tetrachloride-led liver injury model is stable,followed by the D galactosamine-led model,while the liver injury model by concanavalin A is prone to individual differences.