肉豆蔻的药理和毒理作用研究进展

Research Progress on Pharmacological and Toxicological Effects of Myristica fragrans

肉豆蔻常作为食用香料和药用植物,目前研究多集中于肉豆蔻的药理作用,包括降血脂、抗菌、抗抑郁、壮阳、抗氧化、抗炎等作用。但是肉豆蔻的拟精神活性和超剂量食用易发生明显的生理或神经反应,临床不良反应事件时有发生,甚至出现幻觉、死亡的后果。因此,了解肉豆蔻对人体的药理作用和健康危害十分重要,本研究通过调研和整理近年来肉豆蔻药理和毒理作用的相关资料,并系统梳理发挥药效和毒性的主要活性成分,以期为今后更深层次的研究做综合性的参考。

Myristica fragrans is commonly used as a spice and herbal medicine.The current research mostly focuses on the pharmacological effects of M.fragrans,including blood lipid reduction,anti-bacteria,anti-depression,tonifying Yang(阳),anti-oxidation,and anti-inflammation.However,the psychomimetic activity and overdose consumption of M.fragrans can easily cause obvious physiological or neurological reactions.Clinical adverse events occur occasionally,even including hallucinations and death.Therefore,it is important to know its pharmacological effects and health hazards.In this study,relevant data of pharmacological and toxicological effects of M.fragrans in recent years were collected and the main active ingredients for its efficacy and toxicity were systematically summarized to provide comprehensive references for further research.