白癜风皮损复色的细胞与分子机制研究进展

Advances in Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Repigmentation in Patients with Vitiligo

目前白癜风仍缺乏单一有效的治疗,大多数白癜风病例对现有的治疗方案表现并不满意且复色结果不一,迫切需要理解白癜风复色(repigmentation)相关的分子和细胞生物学机制,研发出针对诱导白癜风复色关键分子的新药物或新疗法。本文对白癜风皮损复色和相关调控机制的最新研究数据和观点进行了综述。新的证据表明白癜风患者在接受UVB光疗后会出现毛囊周围、边缘和弥漫等复色模式,这主要依赖于白癜风毛囊中未受累的以及皮损中及其边缘残存的正常黑素细胞或黑素细胞前体细胞(precursor),经过增殖、分化和移行以补充白癜风皮损中失去的功能性黑素细胞。通过调控表皮微环境以唤醒休眠的黑素细胞,有望找到一种加速白癜风复色的新方法。

At present,there is an absence of effective monotherapy in the treatment for vitiligo,most cases of vitiligo have variable repigmentation outcomes and even have an unsatisfactory response to existing treatment modalities.This urges us to dissect the precise mechanism that drives repigmentation in vitiligo and to improve the existing vitiligo treatments by targeting key molecules at the molecular and cellular levels.This review illustrates the most current research and latest understanding of vitiligo skin repigmentation and related regulatory mechanisms.Emerging evidence indicates that patients with vitiligo present various repigmentation patterns such as perifollicular,marginal,and diffuse type following UVB phototherapy,which relies on different cell reservoirs from the perilesional margins and/or from uninvolved hair follicles to replenish functional melanocytes that are lost in vitiliginous skin.A new procedure that hastens vitiligo repigmentation is expected to be developed by awakening dormant melanocytes or their precursors through regulation of epidermal microenvironment.