元音音质对越南、韩国学习者汉语声调感知的影响

Effects of Vowel Qualities on the Perception of Chinese Lexical Tones by Native Vietnamese and Korean Speakers

本文以25名越南语母语者和20名韩语母语者为研究对象,通过修改共振峰、基频等声学参数合成一系列声学刺激进行声调感知实验,考察元音音质对二语者汉语普通话声调感知的影响。研究结果表明:(1)除了基频之外,共振峰也是二语者汉语声调知觉的辨认依据;(2)在阴平到阳平调的连续统感知上,两组二语者均受到了元音音质的影响,表现为:元音的共振峰分布越靠近高元音/i/,范畴边界越小,越倾向感知成阳平;(3)在阴平到去声调的连续统感知上,只有越南语母语者受到了元音音质的影响,表现为:元音的共振峰分布越靠近高元音/i/,范畴边界越小,越倾向感知成去声。

The study examined the effects of vowel qualities on the perception of Chinese lexical tones by 25 native Vietnamese speakers and 20 native Korean speakers.Tone identification tests with a series of synthesized stimuli manipulated in formants and fundamental frequencies(i.e.,f0)were conducted.Results showed that(1)Apart from the f0,the formant was also the cue that the second language learners(i.e.,L2 learners)made use of during the process of tone perception.(2)Both groups were affected by the vowel qualities during the perception of the T1T2 continuum.Specifically,the higher vowel formant distribution was more likely to be perceived as Tone 2.(3)Only native Vietnamese speakers demonstrated the effect from vowel qualities during the perception of the T1T4 continuum.Specifically,the higher vowel formant distribution was more likely to be perceived as Tone 4.