转型期我国中等职业教育投入“中部塌陷”问题研究

Study on the Problem of“Central Collapse”of Secondary Vocational Education Investment in China during the Transition Period

充足、均衡的教育投入是保障新时期中等职业教育转型发展的重要基础。基于2010-2019年省级面板数据发现,近年来我国中部地区中等职业教育投入存在“水平塌陷”和“增长塌陷”的双重塌陷问题。收敛性分析发现,中等职业教育投入存在全域性收敛趋势,但地区间差异不收敛,且中部地区将长期陷入“低水平均衡陷阱”。Blinder-Oaxaca分解结果表明,地方经济发展水平、财政转移支付、城镇化率、产业结构是“中部塌陷”问题的主要成因。为此,应加快落实“中部崛起”战略,为中等职业教育投入增长赋能增效;加大政策支持力度,向中部地区倾斜更多教育资源;强化教育治理,吸引社会力量加大投资力度,多措并举打破中等职业教育投入“中部塌陷”囹圄。

Adequate and balanced educational investment is an important basis for guaranteeing the development of secondary vocational education in the new era.Based on the provincial-level panel data of secondary vocational education in China from 2010 to 2019,the study found that the secondary vocational education investment in central China has a double collapse problem of“input-level collapse”and“growth-ability collapse”.The convergence analysis shows that secondary vocational education investment has national convergence,but there is no convergence trend among different regions,and the central region may fall into a“low-level equilibrium trap”for a long time.The Blinder-Oaxaca decomposition results show that the local economic development level,financial transfer payment,urbanization rate and industrial structure are the main reasons.In view of this,it should accelerate the implementation of the strategy of“the Rise of Central China”,so as to increase the investment in secondary vocational education;incline more policy support and educational resources to the central region;strengthen education governance,and attract more investment from the private sector to break the prison of secondary vocational education investment sinking problem.