欧盟国家中等职业教育多样化特征研究

A Study of the Diversity Characteristics of Secondary Vocational Education in EU Countries

中等职业教育是职业教育体系的重要组成部分。欧盟国家中等职业教育的主要特征是多样化,体现在形式和分类的多样化,涉及到办学主体、学校性质、名称和职业资格证书等级四个分类标准;以及构建贯通路径的多样化,包括双向选择式贯通路径和进阶选择式贯通路径。对欧盟国家中等职业教育多样特征的研究发现,中等职业教育形式和分类的多样化,要紧密结合职业教育体系;而中等职业教育在构建贯通路径多样化时,要重点考虑普职融合问题,同时要和高等教育目标保持一致。

As an important part of the vocational education system,the main features of secondary vocational education in EU countries are diversification,which is reflected in the diversification of the form classification,involving four classification criteria of the school provider,school nature,name and vocational qualification certificate level;and the diversification of the construction of through paths,including two-way choice through paths and progressive choice through paths.In the study of diverse characteristics of secondary vocational education in EU countries,it can be found that the diversification of secondary vocational education forms and classifications should be closely integrated with the vocational education system.And secondary vocational education should focus on the integration of general and vocational education when constructing the diversification of through paths,and at the same time,it should be consistent with the goals of higher education.