新冠疫情背景下高职毕业生就业现状及提升策略——基于江苏省12所高职院校就业数据实证分析

On the Employment Situation and Enhancement Strategies of Higher Vocational Graduates under the Background of the Epidemic——Empirical Analysis Based on Employment Data of 12 Higher Vocational Institutions in Jiangsu Province

就业是民生之本,随着新冠疫情的暴发,高校毕业生就业工作面临重重压力和挑战。毕业生总体规模和年终就业率是衡量应届毕业生就业情况的两个重要指标,如何合理控制招生规模以及保持较高的年终就业率,对高职院校的健康有序发展显得尤为重要。选取江苏省12所高职院校作为研究对象,基于高职院校毕业生总体规模及生源结构分析,结合高职院校毕业生年终就业率分析,总结出高职院校毕业生就业呈现的三大特点:以就业和升学为主,校际差异较大;以本地就业为主,经济发达地区吸引力大;行业分布和学校特色基本吻合,部分岗位受疫情影响较大。新冠疫情背景下高职毕业生就业的促进策略为:保持合理的招生规模;学校要创造就业机会;毕业生应积极主动就业;社会各界应形成合力。

Employment is the basis of people’s livelihood.With the outbreak of the epidemic,the employment of college graduates is facing heavy pressure and challenges.The overall scale of graduates and year-end employment rate are two important indicators to measure the employment of fresh graduates.How to reasonably control the enrollment scale and maintain a high year-end employment rate is especially important for the healthy and orderly development of higher vocational colleges.Based on the analysis of the overall scale and student structure of graduates from colleges and universities,combined with the analysis of the year-end employment rate of graduates from colleges and universities,three major characteristics of the employment of graduates from colleges and universities are summarized:mainly focus on employment and further education with large inter-school differences;mainly focus on local employment and economically developed areas are attractive;industry distribution and school characteristics basically match,and some positions are affected by the epidemic.The strategies to promote the employment of higher vocational graduates are:to maintain a reasonable enrollment scale,schools should create employment opportunities,graduates should be actively employed,and the society should form a joint effort.