“5G+XR”支持的实训教学变革:模式、挑战与建议

“5G+XR” Supported Practical Teaching Reform: Modes, Challenges and Suggestions

以5G和XR为代表的新型智能化技术,已成为第四次工业革命的核心驱动力量,两者在职业教育领域的融合性应用,也正推动实训教学不断发生革命性转变。在"5G+XR"的创新支持下,未来的实训教学模式主要为基于具身体验的沉浸式实训模式、基于数字孪生模型的实训模式、人与智能机器跨地域协同实训模式,以及实践与创新创造相融合的实训模式四种。然而,要常态化开展以上四种具有智能特征的实训教学,仍面临智能技术不够成熟、教师胜任力不足、学生知识体系不符及制度机制不健全等问题。为此,亟须加强职业教育智能化建设与发展的顶层设计、推进面向智能时代的普职融合式教育、构建协同合作和供需平衡的校企关系,以及健全推进智能化实训教学的相关机制。

New intelligent technologies represented by 5 G and XR have become the core driving force of the fourth industrial revolution.The integrated application of the two in the field of vocational education is also promoting continuous revolutionary changes in training and teaching.With the innovative support of"5 G+XR",the future practical teaching mode will mainly be an immersive training mode based on personal experience,a training mode based on a digital twin mode,and a cross-regional collaborative training mode between humans and intelligent machines,and the integration of practice,innovation and creation.However,in order to carry out the above four kinds of practical teaching with intelligent characteristics,there are still problems such as insufficient intelligent technology,insufficient teacher competence,inconsistent student knowledge system and imperfect system mechanism.For this reason,it is urgent to strengthen the toplevel design of the intelligent construction and development of vocational education,promote the integrated education of general vocational education in the intelligent era,build a school-enterprise relationship of collaboration and balance of supply and demand,and improve the relevant mechanisms for the promotion of intelligent practical teaching.