西南边疆地区初中生职业启蒙教育需求调查

Study on the Needs of Junior School Students’ Vocational Enlightenment Education in Southwest Frontier Areas

从初中生对职业启蒙教育的学习动机、课程需求、时间及对象需求、学业和职业规划需求等维度构建初中生职业启蒙教育需求分析指标,对西南边疆Y省980名初中生进行问卷调查,研究发现:初中生对职业启蒙教育总体需求较高;初中生接受职业启蒙教育的主要原因是想学习一门初级职业技能;不同性别、年级学生在职业启蒙课程内容选择方面存在显著性差异,不同民族则没有显著差异;职业启蒙教育的对象应为全体学生,职业启蒙教育的时间应分散在各个学期;初中生对未来学业和职业缺乏切合实际的规划,大部分学生愿意毕业后进入普通高中,只有很少学生愿意进入中职,少数民族学生相比汉族学生更倾向于根据成绩来决定毕业去向。为此提出,教育行政部门应认识职业启蒙教育的重要性,制定职业启蒙教育政策及指南;面向所有初中生开展职业启蒙教育,提升学生就业能力;基于学生需求,开发初中职业启蒙课程;提供个性化支持,帮助学生制定学业与职业教育规划。

From the dimensions of junior school students’learning motivation,curriculum requirements,time and object requirements,academic and career planning needs,etc.,the analysis indicators of junior school students’vocational enlightenment education needs were constructed.A questionnaire survey was conducted among 980 junior school students in Y Province in the southwestern frontier.It found that junior school students have a higher overall demand for vocational enlightenment education;The main reason for junior school students to receive vocational education is to learn a basic vocational skill;There are significant differences in the selection of vocational enlightenment courses for students of different genders and grades,while there are no significant differences among different ethnic groups;The object of vocational education should be all students,and the time of vocational education should be scattered in each semester;Junior school students lack realistic plans for their future studies and careers.Most students are willing to enter ordinary high schools after graduation,and only a few students are willing to enter secondary vocational schools.Minority students are more inclined to decide where to graduate based on their grades than Han students.To this end,it is proposed that the education administration department should recognize the importance of vocational education and formulate vocational education policies and guidelines;carry out vocational education for all junior school students to improve their employability;based on the needs of students,develop junior school vocational enlightenment courses;provide personalized support to help students develop academic and vocational education plans.