高校学生校园设施空间认知差异研究

Research on the Spatial Cognition Differences of Campus Facilities among College Students

不同类型学生在开展校园活动时所形成的空间认知会有差异,研究这些差异有助于了解大学生空间认知特征和生活学习习惯,对高等教育培养方案的制定具有重要意义。文章以阜阳职业技术学院为例,采用认知地图、数理统计分析等方法,研究不同性别、成绩、专业学生的校园设施空间认知差异,并结合校园设施到访频率探究差异产生的原因。研究发现:男生在地理方向识别及女生在设施名称记忆上各有优势,优生对设施的空间认知水平高于差生,并在设施空间位置识别和名称记忆上的优势更为明显,不同专业学生对本专业相关性强的设施空间认知能力更强,等等;各类型学生存在设施到访频率高,其设施空间认知也高,随着到访频率的逐渐提升,而空间认知水平提升速度却有所减缓等共性认知特征。

College students have different spatial cognition when carrying out campus activities.The study of these differences is helpful to understand the characteristics of college students’spatial cognition and living study habits,which is of great significance for the formulation of higher education training programs.Taking Fuyang Vocational and Technical College as an example,this paper uses cognitive maps and mathematical statistics analysis to study the spatial cognition differences of campus facilities of different genders,grades and professional students,and explores the reasons for the differences based on the visiting frequency of campus facilities.This research found that male students have an advantage in geographical direction recognition,while female students have an advantage in memorizing facility names.Students of different majors have stronger spatial cognitive ability of the facilities that are relevant to their majors.All types of students have the common cognitive characteristics that the visiting frequency of facility is high and the awareness of facilities is also high,and the speed of spatial cognition level slows down gradually with the increase of the frequency of visits.