2019年重庆市江北区重点职业病监测与职业健康风险评估

Major occupational disease monitoring and occupational health risk assessment in Jiangbei District of Chongqing in 2019

目的了解2019年重庆市江北区存在的重点职业病情况,为政府制定职业病防治策略提供科学依据。方法2019年1月1日—12月31日,收集重点职业病危害申报信息、职业健康检查及职业病报告资料,用Excel 2007软件对收集的数据进行汇总和分析。结果江北区2019年存在重点职业病危害企业190家,接害人数14983人。共有10781名接触重点职业病危害的劳动者接受了职业健康检查,检出疑似职业病12人,职业禁忌证84人,诊断职业病6例。粉尘作业工人胸片检查未发现尘肺样改变;苯作业工人检出外周血白细胞异常率1.31%,中性粒细胞异常率1.18%,血小板异常率1.94%;铬作业工人胸片检查未发现疑似肺癌;甲醛作业工人胸片检查未发现疑似肺癌改变,肺功能异常率1.12%,血嗜酸粒细胞增多的异常率为1.91%;噪声作业人员双耳高频平均听阈检查异常率7.61%。辖区共报告重点职业病例13例,包括职业性尘肺病4例(矽尘1、煤尘1、电焊烟尘2)、职业性苯中毒2例、苯所致白血病1例和职业性噪声聋6例。结论职业性噪声聋、慢性苯中毒、电焊工尘肺、矽肺为江北区需重点关注的职业病;苯所致白血病为重点关注的职业性肿瘤;制造业和建筑业为重点监控行业;私有及大型和小型企业为重点监控企业。

Objective To understand the major occupational diseases in Jiangbei District of Chongqing in 2019,provide a scientific basis for the government to formulate strategies for the prevention and treatment of occupational diseases.Methods From January1 to December 31,2019,the major occupational disease declaration information,and data of occupational health examination and occupational disease report were collected,and were summarized and analyzed by using Excel 2007 software.Results There were190 enterprises with major occupational hazards and 14983 exposed workers in Jiangbei District in 2019.Totally 10781 workers exposed major occupational hazards received occupational health examinations,and the results showed that there were 12 people with suspected occupational diseases,84 people with occupational contraindications and 6 cases of occupational diseases.No pneumoconiosis like changes were found in chest X-ray examination of dust exposed workers.In benzene-exposed workers,the abnormal rate of peripheral blood leukocytes,neutrophils and platelets was 1.31%,1.18%and 1.94%,respectively.No suspected lung cancer was found in chest X-ray examination of chromium-exposed workers.No suspected lung cancer was found in the chest X-ray examination of workers exposed to formaldehyde,while the abnormal rate of lung function was 1.12%and the abnormal rate of blood eosinophilia was 1.91%.The abnormal rate of binaural high-frequency threshold examination in noise-exposed workers was 7.61%.A total of 13 cases of major occupational disease were reported in the district,including four cases of occupational pneumoconiosis(one case of silica dust,one case of coal dust,two cases of welding dust),two cases of occupational benzene poisoning,one case of benzene-induced leukemia,and six cases of occupational noise deafness.Conclusion Occupational noise-induced deafness,chronic benzene poisoning,welder’s pneumoconiosis,and silicosis are the occupational diseases which need to be focused on in Jiangbei District.Benzene-induced leukemia is an occupational tumor of special concern.Manufacturing and construction industries are the focus of monitoring.Private,and large and small enterprises are the key monitoring enterprises.