陆军某部入伍新兵适应性与人格特征关系的调查

Investigation on relationship between psychological adaptability and personality among army recruits

目的探讨某部入伍新兵适应能力状况及其与人格三维度的关系。方法采用艾森克人格问卷简式量表中国版(EPQ-RSC)和青少年心理适应性量表对2018年11月某部500名入伍新兵进行问卷调查。结果某部入伍新兵总体适应能力平均分为57.74±21.91,与全国常模平均分(63.14±8.86)比较,差异有统计学意义(t=7.15,P<0.01)。不同人格特征(神经质、精神质、内外倾向性、掩饰性)适应能力比较,差异均有统计学意义(F=21.022、13.297、13.279、6.703,均P<0.01),精神质与神经质特性的新兵在适应上明显较差。入伍新兵适应性与性格的内外倾向性、掩饰性呈正相关(r=0.375、0.201,P<0.01),与神经质、精神质水平呈负相关(r=-0.272、-0.273,P<0.01)。精神质和神经质水平对适应能力具有负向预测作用(β=-0.145、-0.137,P<0.01),可以解释社会适应能力19.5%的变异。结论入伍新兵适应性问题仍是现阶段需要关注的问题,与其人格特征相互印证,不同人格类型适应能力差异显著。

Objective To study psychological adaptability status among army recruits,explore its relationship with the three dimensions of personality.Methods A total of 500 army recruits were investigated by Eysenck personality questionnaire short-form Chinese version of scale(EPQ-RSC)and adolescence psychological adaptability scale in November 2018.Results The average score of general adaptability of recruits was 57.74±21.91,and the difference was statistically significant as compared with the national norm average scores(63.14±8.86)(t=7.15,P<0.01).There were statistically significant differences in adaptability among recruits with different personality traits(neuroticism,psychoticism,internal and external tendencies,concealment)(F=21.022,13.297,13.279,6.703,all P<0.01),while the recruits with psychoticism and neuroticism had significantly worse adaptability.The adaptability of recruits was positively correlated with internal and external tendency and concealment(r=0.375,0.201,P<0.01),and negatively correlated with psychoticism and neuroticism(r=-0.272,-0.273,P<0.01).sychoticism and neuroticism had negative predict effects to psychological adaptability(β=-0.145,-0.137,P<0.01),and explained the 19.5%of variation in social adaptability.Conclusion The psychological adaptability of recruits is still a concern at this stage,and it is related to their personality.Army recruits with different personality type have significant differences in psychological adaptability.