2007—2016年沈阳市食物中毒突发公共卫生事件分析

Analysis on the public health emergencies of food poisoning in Shenyang City from 2007-2016

目的了解沈阳市食物中毒突发公共卫生事件发生发展规律,提高沈阳市食物中毒突发公共卫生事件预防与控制处置水平。方法对沈阳市2007—2016年报告的全部食物中毒突发公共卫生事件的疫情进行描述性分析。结果2007—2016年沈阳市食物中毒突发公共卫生事件11起,其中未分级1起,一般7起,较大3起。中毒人数529人,死亡4人,波及或暴露人口数17179人。食物中毒发生频率最高的是夏秋季节(36.37%),夏季发生中毒人数最多(39.89%)。细菌性食物中毒人数最多(85.26%)。学校食物中毒发生频率最高(45.46%)。死亡病例全部发生在家庭聚餐,死亡原因为误食毒蘑菇、河豚鱼、有机磷。结论沈阳市夏秋季是食物中毒高发期,以细菌性食物中毒为主,化学性和有毒动植物是中毒死亡原因。学校是发生食物中毒的主要场所。

[Objective]To understand the incident and development rule of public health emergencies of food poisoning in Shenyang,and improve the ability of prevention and control of public health emergencies of food poisoning.[Methods]Descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze the data of public health emergencies of food poisoning reported in Shenyang from 2007-2016.[Results]There were 11 public health emergencies of food poisoning in Shenyang from 2007-2016,including 1 unrated,7 general level and 3 larger level.A total of 529 cases of food poisoning were reported,4 cases died,and 17179 cases were affected or exposed.The highest incidences of food poisoning were summer and autumn(36.37%),and the highest number of poisoning was summer(39.89%).The highest number of food poisoning was bacterial(85.26%).The most food poisoning occurred in the school(45.46%).Death cases all occurred in the family dinner.The cause of death was eating poisonous mushrooms,puffer fish and organic phosphorus.[Conclusion]Summer and autumn are high incidence seasons of food poisoning in Shenyang,bacterial food poisoning is the main type,and chemical and toxic animals and plants are the causes of poisoning death.The schools are the main place where food poisoning occurs.