汶川地震灾区中学生情绪社交孤独与述情障碍的关系

Relationship between emotional social loneliness and alexithymia among middle school students after exposed to the Wenchuan earthquake

目的调查比较汶川地震后震区和非震区中学生情绪社交孤独和述情障碍的状况以及二者的关系。方法采用情绪社交孤独问卷和多伦多述情障碍量表对304名震区中学生和324名非震区中学生进行问卷调查。结果(1)在情绪社交孤独总分上,震区中学生得分(27.93±3.96)显著高于非震区中学生(24.92±3.55),差异有统计学意义(t=10.04,P<0.01);在情绪孤立、社交孤立、情绪孤独感3个维度上,震区中学生的得分也高于非震区中学生(均P<0.01);在社交孤独感这一维度上,震区中学生得分显著低于非震区中学生(t=-49.07,P<0.01)。(2)震区中学生述情障碍得分(62.02±4.18)显著高于非震区中学生(48.83±3.83),差异有统计学意义(t=41.26,P<0.01)。(3)对于震区中学生,述情障碍中的"缺乏描述情感的能力"维度与情绪社交孤独的"情绪孤独感"维度呈正相关(r=0.14,P<0.05),述情障碍中的"外向性思维"维度与情绪社交孤独的"情绪孤立"维度显著负相关(r=-0.11,P<0.05)。对于非震区中学生,述情障碍各维度与情绪社交孤独的各维度间均不存在显著相关关系。结论与非震区中学生相比,震区中学生存在更高的情绪社交孤独感和述情障碍。震区中学生的述情障碍与情绪社交孤独的部分维度间有着显著相关关系,而在非震区中学生中,不存在显著相关关系。

[Objective]To investigate and compare the status and relationship between emotional social loneliness and alexithymia among middle school students in earthquake areas and non-earthquake areas after Wenchuan earthquake.[Methods]A total of304 middle school students from earthquake areas and 324 middle school students from non-earthquake areas were investigated by Emotional-Social Loneliness Inventory(ESLI)and Toronto Alexithymia Scale(TAS).[Results](1)The total score of ESLI of the students from earthquake areas(27.93±3.96)was higher than that of non-earthquake areas(24.92±3.55),and the difference was statistically significant(t=3.96,P<0.01).Furthermore,the scores of emotion isolation,social isolation and emotion loneliness among the students from earthquake areas were significantly higher than those of non-earthquake areas students(all P<0.01),while the score of social loneliness among the students from earthquake areas was significantly lower than that of non-earthquake areas students(t=-49.07,P<0.01).(2)The total score of alexithymia of the students from earthquake areas(62.02±4.18)was higher than that from non-earthquake areas(48.83±3.83),and the difference was statistically significant(t=41.26,P<0.01).(3)For the students from earthquake areas,"lack of ability to describe emotion"significantly correlated with"emotion loneliness"(r=0.14,P<0.05).Additionally,there was a negative correlation between"extroverted thinking"and"emotion isolation"(r=-0.11,P<0.05).For the students from non-earthquake areas,there was not significant correlation between ESLI and alexithymia.[Conclusion]Compared with the middle school students from non-earthquake areas,the middle school students from earthquake areas have severe emotional social loneliness and alexithymia.There are significant correlations between some dimensions of emotional social loneliness and alexithymia among middle school students from earthquake areas,but no significant correlation among middle school students from non-earthquake.