2015年上海市金山区312名苯系物作业人员职业健康现状

Occupational health status of 312 workers exposed to benzene series in Jinshan District of Shanghai in 2015

目的研究苯系物作业人员分布及健康损伤情况,提出苯系物职业中毒防控策略。方法选取312名苯系物作业人员和253名非苯系物作业的办公室人员进行职业健康现状调查,采用χ~2检验或Fisher确切概率法进行率的比较。结果312名苯系物作业人员外周血中白细胞计数(WBC)下降检出率为4.2%,血红蛋白(Hb)下降检出率为4.8%,血小板计数(Pt)下降检出率为1.6%;观察组WBC下降检出率和Hb下降检出率与对照组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);Pt下降检出率与对照组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);血压异常检出率、尿蛋白阳性检出率、丙氨酸转氨酶增高检出率、腹部异常检出率、心电图异常检出率观察组均高于对照组。结论长期苯系物暴露会对作业人员的血液系统造成影响,对苯系物作业企业要加强职业卫生监督,对苯系物作业人员要加强职业病健康监护。

[Objective]To study the distribution and health damage of workers exposed to benzene series,put forward the prevention and control strategies of occupational poisoning caused by benzene series.[Methods]312 workers exposed to benzene series and 253 office workers who have not been exposed to benzene series were given an occupational health investigation,and chi-square and Fisher’s exact test were used for rate comparison.[Results]Among 312 workers exposed to benzene series,the detection rate of descending white blood cells(WBC)count in peripheral blood was 4.2%,and the detection rate of descending haemoglobin(Hb)and platelet(Pt)was 4.8%and 1.6%respectively.The differences in the detection rate of descending WBC and descending Hb were statistically significant between the observation group and the control group(P<0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in the detection rate of descending Pt between two groups(P>0.05).The detection rate of abnormal blood pressure,the positive rate of urine protein,the detection rate of increased alanine aminotransferase,the abnormal rate of abdominal test and the abnormal rate of ECG in the observation group were higher than those in the control group.[Conclusion]Long-term exposure to benzene series has adverse effects on the blood system of the workers.It is necessary to strengthen the occupational health supervision in enterprises with exposure to benzene series,and improve the occupational health care among workers exposed to benzene series.