2016年北京市海淀区电子行业女工生殖健康状况

Reproductive health status of female workers in electronic industry in Haidian District of Beijing in 2016

目的了解北京市海淀区电子行业女工的生殖健康与生育状况,探讨影响电子行业女工生殖健康的因素。方法采用横断面调查方法,于2016年7—9月采用《妇女健康调查问卷》对北京市海淀区8家电子行业1226名女工的生殖健康与生育状况进行调查。结果电子行业女工在工作中接触各种职业病危害因素占50.5%(619/1226),患有妇科疾病者524人,患病率为42.7%;月经异常者28人,月经异常率为10.4%;不孕人数366人,不孕率40.4%;流产人数379人,流产率41.8%,妇科疾病患病率在有无接触职业病危害因素、不同的工作形式与状态之间和有无职称方面差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),其余差异无统计学意义;月经异常率、不孕率和流产率在各影响因素之间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论北京市海淀区电子行业女工存在较为严重的生殖健康问题,职业病危害因素对女工的生殖健康与生育状况存在不同程度的影响。

[Objective]To understand the reproductive health and fertility status of female workers in the electronic industry in Haidian District of Beijing,explore the influencing factors of reproductive health of female workers in electronic industry.[Methods]A cross-sectional survey was conducted to investigate the reproductive health and reproductive status of 1226 female workers in 8 electronic enterprises of Haidian District of Beijing from July to September of 2016.[Results]50.5%(619/1226)of female workers in electronic industry have been exposed to a variety of occupation hazards.524 people suffered from gynecological diseases with the prevalence rate of 42.7%,28 had abnormal menstruation with the menstruation abnormality rate of 10.4%,366 were infertility with the infertility rate of 40.4%,and 379 had a miscarriage with the abortion rate of 41.8%.There were statistically significant differences in the prevalence rate of gynecological diseases among the different groups in occupation hazards exposure,work form and state,and professional title(P<0.05),while the differences were not statistically significant among different groups.There were statistically significant differences in the menstruation abnormality rate,the infertility rate and the abortion rate among different groups(P>0.05).[Conclusion]There are serious reproductive health problems among female workers in Haidian District electronic industry of Beijing,and occupational hazards have different effects on reproductive health and reproductive status of female workers.