2017年平顶山市井下矿工生存质量及影响因素

Quality of life and its influencing factors among underground coal miners in Pingdingshan City in 2017

目的调查河南省平顶山市井下煤矿工人的生存质量现状,并分析其影响因素。方法采用横断面调查,应用一般资料调查表、社会支持评定量表与WHO生存质量量表简表(WHOQOL-BREF量表)对平顶山市某国有煤矿的井下矿工进行问卷调查。结果生存质量生理领域、心理领域、社会关系领域、环境领域得分分别为13.55±1.89、12.63±2.17、13.35±2.76、11.56±2.25,均低于全国常模(P<0.01),生存质量不容乐观;多重线性回归分析中,文化程度、年龄、工作危险度、矽肺病、社会支持是生理领域的影响因素(调整R^2=0.223);工作危险度、家庭摩擦、矽肺病、社会支持是心理领域的重要影响因素(调整R^2=0.228);婚姻状况、文化程度、家庭摩擦、社会支持是社会关系的影响因素(调整R^2=0.343);工作危险度、社会支持是环境领域的主要影响因素(调整R^2=0.218),回归方程均具有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论井下煤矿工人生存质量现状较差,应当结合相关因素采取有效措施,提高井下矿工的生存质量。

[Objective]To investigate the level of the quality of life among underground coal miners in Pingdingshan City of Henan Province and explore the influencing factors.[Methods]A cross-sectional survey was conducted.The underground coal miners from a state-owned coal mine of Pingdingshan City were investigated by the general questionnaire,social support rating scale and the World Health Organization Quality of Life-BREF(WHOQOL-BREF).[Results]The score of the quality of life in physiological,psychological,social and environmental field was respectively 13.55±1.89,12.63±2.17,13.35±2.76 and 11.56±2.25,all were significantly lower than national norms(P<0.01),which indicated that the quality of life was not optimistic.According to the multiple linear regression analysis,degree of education,age,work risk,silicosis,and social support were the influencing factors in physiological field(adjust R^2=0.223),work risk,family friction,silicosis and social support were the influencing factors in psychological field(adjust R^2=0.228),marital status,education level,family friction and social support were the influencing factors of social relations(adjust R^2=0.343),while work risk and social support were the influencing factors in environmental field(adjust R^2=0.218),and the regression equations were statistically significant(P<0.01).[Conclusion]The level of the quality of life among underground coal miners is not optimistic.It is necessary to take effective intervention measures according to the related influencing factors,to improve the level of the quality of life in underground coal miners.