广东荷包岛野生药用植物资源多样性研究

Study on the Diversity of Wild Medicinal Plant Resources in Hebao Island,Guangdong

目的:通过实地调查,摸清广东省珠海市荷包岛野生药用植物资源分布状况,为该岛屿野生药用植物资源的保护和可持续发展提供参考依据。方法:根据第四次全国中药资源普查技术方案,通过走访调查、样地和样线调查,以及标本采集和文献查阅,对该地野生药用植物资源进行数据统计和特征分析,并与周边岛屿的药用植物资源状况进行比较。结果:荷包岛共有野生药用植物362种,隶属于104科,276属,其中重点调查野生药用植物22种,珍稀濒危野生药用植物6种。野生药用植物中以多年生草本植物为主,有103种。菊科为荷包岛野生药用植物的优势科。以根及根茎类部位入药的最多。结论:与周边岛屿相比,荷包岛野生药用植物资源较为丰富,但在特殊的生境条件下,该地生态系统较为脆弱。建议加强资源监测和科学研究,建立本土药用植物资源数据库,尽可能减少对生态环境的干扰,合理利用岛屿内的野生药用植物资源。

Objective:To identify the distributioni status of the wild medicinal plant resources in Hebao island,Zhuhai city,Guangdong province through field investigation,so as to provide basis for the protection and sustainable development of wild medicinal plant resources in this island.Methods:According to the technical plan of the fourth National survey of TCM resources,the data statistics and characteristics analysis of the wild medicinal plant resources in this region were carried out through visiting survey,sample site and line transmutation survey,specimen collection and literature review,and the situation of medicinal plant resources in the region was compared with that in the surrounding islands.Results:There were 362 species of wild medicinal plants in Hebao island,belonging to 104 families and 276 genera,among which 22 species were under investigation and 6 species were rare and endangered.Perennial herbs were the main medicinal plants in the wild,with 103 species.Compositae was the dominant family of wild medicinal plants in Hebao island.The root and rhizome parts were used most.Conclusion:Compared with the surrounding islands,Hebao island is rich in wild medicinal plant resources,but under the special habitat conditions,the ecological system in this area is more fragile.It is suggested to strengthen resource monitoring and scientific research,establish a database of native medicinal plant resources,minimize the disturbance to the ecological environment,and rationally utilize the wild medicinal plant resources in the island.