辽宁楤木嫩叶中三萜皂苷的分离与结构鉴定

Isolation and Structural Identification of Triterpene Saponins from the Tender Leaves of Aralia elata

目的:对辽宁楤木Aralia elata(Miq.)Seem.嫩叶中的三萜皂苷类成分进行分离与鉴定。方法:通过乙醇回流提取,运用硅胶、AB-8型大孔吸附树脂、ODS柱、制备HPLC进行分离纯化,利用NMR和MS谱进行化合物的结构鉴定。结果:从辽宁楤木嫩叶中分离得到15个化合物,分别鉴定为:常春藤皂苷元-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-(1→3)-α-L-吡喃阿拉伯糖苷(1)、楤木皂苷A(2)、刺囊酸-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-(1→3)-O-α-L-吡喃阿拉伯糖苷(3)、齐墩果酸-3-O-α-L-吡喃阿拉伯糖基-(1→2)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(4)、齐墩果酸-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(5)、anchusosid 2(6)、齐墩果酸-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-(1→2)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(7)、常春藤皂苷元-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-(1→3)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(8)、竹节参皂苷Ⅳa(9)、randianin(10)、macranthoside A(11)、常春藤苷元-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(12)、齐墩果酸-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-(1→2)-β-D-吡喃半乳糖苷(13)、常春藤皂苷元-3-O-α-L-呋喃阿拉伯糖基-(1→4)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-28-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖酯苷(14)、刺囊酸-3-O-α-L-吡喃阿拉伯糖苷(15)。结论:其中,化合物4、8、11、13、14为首次从该属植物中分离得到。

Objective:To isolate and identity the triterpene saponins from the tender leaves of Aralia elata.Methods:The compounds were extracted by ethanol reflux,isolated and purified by silica gel,AB-8 macroporous adsorption resin,ODS column chromatography and preparative HPLC.The structures of the compounds were identified by NMR and MS.Results:Fifteen compounds were isolated from tender leaves of Aralia elata and identified as hederagenin-3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→3)-α-L-arabinopyranoside(1),araloside A(2),echinocystic acid-3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→3)-O-α-L-arabinopyranoside(3),oleanolic acid-3-O-α-L-arabinopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-glucopyranoside(4),oleanolic acid-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(5),anchusosid 2(6),oleanolic acid-3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-glucopyranoside(7),hederagenin-3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→3)-β-D-glucopyranoside(8),chikusetsu saponinⅣa(9),randianin(10),macranthoside A(11),hederagenin-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(12),oleanolic acid-3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-galactopyranoside(13),hederagenin-3-O-α-L-arabinofuranosyl-(1→4)-β-D-glucuronopyranosyl-28-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl ester(14),eechinocystic acid-3-O-α-L-arabinopyranoside(15),respectively.Conclusion:Among them,compounds 4,8,11,13,14 are isolated from Aralia genus for the first time.