三种丛菔属植物的生药学研究

Pharmacognosy Study of Three Species of Solms-laubachia

目的:对藏药丛菔的主流基原植物线叶丛菔Solms-laubachia linearifolia、倒毛丛菔Solms-laubachia retropilosa以及宽果丛菔Solms-laubachia eurycarpa进行生药学研究,建立分种鉴别的主要特征及方法。方法:采用原植物鉴定、药材性状鉴定、显微鉴定、薄层色谱鉴定、ITS序列和trnL-trnF序列聚类分析等方法,筛选出专属的特征。结果:三种丛菔植物形态的主要区别在于叶片毛被形态、表面具光泽与否;药材性状的主要区别在于疣状凸起和叶柄残基颜色;根横切面组织特征的区别在于木质部占比和裂隙分布不同等;粉末显微特征的区别在于木薄壁细胞、木射线、石细胞及淀粉粒等。此外,三者的薄层色谱也有特异的斑点。基于ITS序列和trnL-trnF序列构建的NJ树三种丛菔都分别各自聚为一支。结论:三种丛菔属植物在原植物、药材性状、显微组织特征、薄层色谱、ITS序列和trnL-trnF序列分子标记等不同层面均存在显著差异,可作为分类鉴别的依据,并为药材的质量控制及资源开发利用奠定研究基础。

Objective:To study the pharmacognosy of Solms-laubachia linearifolia,Solms-laubachia retropilosa,Solms-laubachia eurycarpa and establish the main characteristics and methods of species identification.Methods:Using the original plant identification,character identification,microscopic identification,TLC identification,ITS sequence and trnL-trnF sequence cluster analysis,the specific features were screened out.Results:The morphological differences of the three species of Solms-laubachia mainly were leaf coat,surface luster,ect.The main differences of medicinal materials characters were verrucous protuberance and the color of petiole residue,ect.In addition,three kind of TLC also had specific spots.The differences of tissue characteristics in root cross-section were different in xylem,fissure and cambium,ect.The differences of microscopical characteristics of powder were wood parenchyma cell,wood ray,stone cell and starch grain,ect.The NJ tree was constructed based on ITS sequence and trnL-trnF sequence,and the three species of Solms-laubachia were clustered into one branch,respectively.Conclusion:There are significant differences in the original plant,characteristics of medicinal materias,microscopic characteristics,TLC,ITS sequence,trnL-trnF sequence molecular labeling of the three species of Solms-laubachia,which can be used as the basis for classification and identification,and provide basic data for the quality control,development and utilization of medicinal materials.