密花豆野生及栽培资源调查与分析

Resource Investigation and Analysis of Wild and Cultivated Spatholobus suberectus

目的:考察密花豆Spatholobus suberectus Dunn野生资源的地理分布、种群特征、群落生境及人工栽培现状,为促进鸡血藤药材野生资源的保护和可持续性发展提供科学依据。方法:采用文献调查、实地线路及样方考查相结合的方法,记录和分析密花豆野生种群分布地的海拔、经纬度、坡度、坡向、光照、水源及伴生植物等群落生态环境数据以及植株生长状况,实地调查栽培种群的种植模式、种植规模以及栽植技术等信息。结果:不同生境下的密花豆在植株形态、伴生植物方面存在差异;经济林下的密花豆野生种群生存状态不佳;密花豆在广东、广西两地具有一定规模的人工种植面积,且多以坡地单作和仿野生栽培模式为主,规范化种植程度低。结论:野生种群更新能力弱,更新速度慢,应加强对野生资源的保护力度;密花豆的人工栽培技术和栽培模式有待进一步深入研究,以保障密花豆资源的可持续开发利用。

Objective:To investigate the geographical distribution,population characteristics,community habitats and the status of artificial cultivation of wild Spatholobus suberectus,so as to provide scientific basic for the protection and sustainable development of the wild resources of Spatholobus suberectus rattan.Methods:According to the literature investigation,field route and sample examination,the ecological environment data and plant growth status of the wild population were recorded and analyzed,including altitude,latitude and longitude,slope,aspect,light,water source and associated plants,the informations of planting pattern,planting scale and planting technology of cultivated population were investigated on the spot.Results:There were differences in plant morphology and associated plants of Spatholobus suberectus in different habitats.The living condition of the wild population of Spatholobus suberectus under economic forest was not good.In Guangdong and Guangxi,there was a certain scale of artificial planting area of Spatholobus suberectus,and most of them were cultivated in slope monoculture and wild imitation cultivation mode,and the degree of standardized planting was low.Conclusion:The regeneration ability of wild population is weak and the regeneration speed is slow,so the protection of wild resources should be strengthened.The artificial cultivation technology and cultivation mode of Spatholobus suberectus should be further studied to ensure the sustainable development and utilization of Spatholobus suberectus resources.