我国主要产区白芷的基原和群体遗传组成特征分析

Analysis of Botanical Origin and Genetic Composition of Angelica dahurica in China′s Main Producing Areas

目的:分析我国主要产区白芷的遗传组成差异。方法:以15份不同主产区的白芷为材料,应用核基因ITS2序列和叶绿体基因matK序列进行基原差异分析;应用SRAP分子标记技术,进行UPGMA聚类和遗传多样性分析。结果:ITS2序列全长452 bp、获得有2个变异位点,可以区分白芷与其变种杭白芷;而matK序列全长834 bp、仅有1个变异位点,不能有效区分白芷与其变种杭白芷。筛选得到8对SRAP引物,获得34个多态性位点;UPGMA聚类结果显示,所有样本按基原不同划分为白芷和杭白芷两个大类群,而杭白芷类群中,四川产区和浙江产区来源的材料又划分为两个小类群。四川和浙江产区杭白芷群体之间的遗传距离为0.0759,遗传相似系数为0.9269,基因分化系数(Gst)为0.3298。结论:ITS2序列和SRAP标记均可以区分白芷材料的基原,四川和浙江产区的白芷基原均为杭白芷,两大产区杭白芷经长期地理隔离,已发生了低程度的遗传分化。

Objective:To analyze the differences of genetic composition of Angelica dahurica in main producing areas of China.Methods:The botanical origin of fifteen samples of Angelica.dahurica from different main producing areas were analyzed based on the sequence of nuclear gene ITS2 and chloroplast gene matK.The SRAP molecular markers were used for UPGMA clustering and genetic diversity analysis.Results:The ITS2 sequence was 452 bp in length with 2 mutation sites,which could distinguish Angelica dahurica from its variant Angelica dahurica‘Hangbaizhi’.The matK sequence was 834 bp in length with only 1 mutation site,and it could not distinguish them.Meanwhile,eight pairs of SRAP primers were screened,and 34 polymorphic loci were obtained.UPGMA Cluster analysis showed that all samples could be divided into two groups,Angelica dahurica and Angelica dahurica‘Hangbaizhi’.The samples of Angelica dahurica‘Hangbaizhi’could be further divided into two groups,Sichuan and Zhejiang producing areas.The genetic distance between the Sichuan population and the Zhejiang population was 0.0759,the genetic similarity coefficient was 0.9269,the gene differentiation coefficient(Gst)was 0.3298.Conclusion:Both ITS2 sequences and SRAP markers could be used to distinguish the botanical origin of Angelica dahurica from Angelica dahurica‘Hangbaizhi’.The samples from Sichuan and Zhejiang provinces were all Angelica dahurica‘Hangbaizhi’.After long-term geographic isolation,the populations of Angelica dahurica‘Hangbaizhi’from Zhejiang and Sichuan areas reveal a low level of genetic differentiation.