连作对半夏生长及次生代谢产物的影响

Effects of Continuous Cropping on the Growth and Secondary Metabolites of Pinellia ternata

目的:探明半夏连作对其生长及次生代谢产物的影响。方法:试验设头茬(CK)、连作一茬(T1)、连作二茬(T2)和连作三茬(T3)4个处理。采用2020年版中国药典冷浸法测定浸出物含量,紫外分光光度法测定半夏总生物碱和可溶性蛋白含量,HPLC法检测腺苷及鸟苷的含量。对比分析不同连作茬数下半夏生长、产量、浸出物和次生代谢产物总生物碱、可溶性蛋白、鸟苷、腺苷的异同。结果:(1)随着连作茬数的增加,半夏生长发育受抑制,半夏产量持续下降,与头茬相比,连作一茬(T1)、连作二茬(T2)和连作三茬(T3)产量分别显著降低11.97%、57.12%和68.68%。且随着连作茬数的增加,在连作二茬后半夏块茎中直径D<1.0 cm和直径为1.0 cm≤D≤1.5 cm的块茎数量显著下降。(2)随着连作茬数增加,半夏生物碱含量和鸟苷含量呈先增加后降低再增加的趋势,腺苷呈先降低后增加再下降的趋势,可溶性蛋白含量则持续增加,而浸出物含量无显著性变化。结论:半夏连作对其生长和次生代谢产物均有显著影响,这些影响可为探究半夏连作障碍机理提供理论基础。

Objective:To explore the effects of continuous cropping on the growth and secondary metabolites of Pinellia ternata.Methods:The experiment consisted of the first crop(CK),first continuous cropping(T1),second continuous cropping(T2)and third continuous cropping(T3).The contents of extract was determined by cold immersion method in Chinese pharmacopoeia(2020 edition),the contents of total alkaloids and soluble protein in Pinellia ternata were determined by UV spectrophotometry,and the contents of adenosine and guanosine were determined by HPLC.The similarities and differences of growth,yield,extracts,total alkaloids of secondary metabolites,soluble protein,guanosine and adenosine of Pinellia ternata under different continuous cropping stubbles were compared and analyzed.Results:(1)With the increase in the numbers of continuous cropping stubbles,the growth and development of Pinellia ternata was inhibited,and the yield continued to decrease.Compared with the first crop,the yield of the first continuous cropping(T1),second continuous cropping(T2)and third continuous cropping(T3)were significantly decreased by 11.97%,57.12%and 68.68%,respectively.And with the increase of the numbers of continuous cropping stubbles,the number of tubers with diameter D<1.0 cm and diameter 1.0 cm≤D≤1.5 cm of Pinellia ternata after the second continuous cropping decreased significantly.(2)With the increase in the numbers of continuous cropping stubbles,the alkaloid and guanosine contents of Pinellia ternata appear increased first,then decreased,and then increased,adenosine content of Pinellia ternata appear first decreased,then increased,and then decreased.The soluble protein content of Pinellia ternata continued to increase,however,there was no significant change in the content of the extract.Conclusion:The continuous cropping of Pinellia ternata has significant effects on its growth and secondary metabolites.These effects can provide a theoretical basis for exploring the mechanism of continuous cropping obstacles of Pinellia ternata.