陕西汉台区野生重点药用植物资源调查分析

Investigation and Analysis of Wild Key Medicinal Plant Resources in Hantai District of Shaanxi Province

目的:调查和分析陕西省汉台区野生重点药用植物资源现状及其特征,为该区药用植物资源的保护与可持续利用提供参考依据。方法:采用野外调查和文献查阅相结合的方法,调查陕西省汉台区野生重点药用植物的种类和数量,计算其蕴藏量、年允收量和综合价值。结果:汉台区有野生重点药用植物126种,涉及55科,104属,珍稀濒危物种10种,总蕴藏量4791.80 t,总年允收量1747.31 t;蕴藏量小于10 t的物种有79种,年允收量小于1 t的物种74种;汉台区野生重点药用植物入药部位以根及根茎类为主,其中蕴藏量和年允收量较大的为叶类、果实及种子类;综合价值(SVMP)高或较高的野生重点药用植物占总物种数的96.83%。结论:汉台区野生重点药用植物资源丰富,但是部分药用植物蕴藏量和年允收量小,野生资源处于稀缺状态,对部分药用植物资源的保护刻不容缓。

Objective:To investigate and analyze the current situation and the characteristics of wild key medicinal plant resources in Hantai district of Shaanxi province,so as to provide reference for the protection and sustainable utilization of medicinal plants resources in this region.Methods:By means of field investigation and literature review,the species and quantity of wild key medicinal plants in Hantai district of Shaanxi province were investigated,and their reserves,annual allowable harvest yield and comprehensive value were calculated.Results:There were 126 species of wild key medicinal plants in Hantai district,involving 55 families,104 genera,10 rare and endangered species,with a total reserve of 4791.80 t and a total annual yield of 1747.31 t.There were 79 species with reserves less than 10 t,and 74 species with annual allowable harvest yield less than 1 t.Roots and rhizome were the main parts of wild key medicinal plants in Hantai district,among which leaves,fruits and seeds were the most abundant in reserves and annual allowable harvest yield.The wild key plants with high or higher comprehensive value(SVMP)accounted for 96.83%of the total species.Conclusion:The wild key medicinal plant resources in Hantai district are rich.However,the reserves and annual allowable harvest yield of some medicinal plants are small,and wild resources are in a scarce state.It is imperative to protect some medicinal plant resources.