秋水仙素诱导腺毛菊苣种质创新与鉴定

Germplasm Innovation and Identification of Cichorium glandulosum Induced by Colchicine

目的:探究秋水仙素质量浓度和处理次数对腺毛菊苣染色体加倍的影响,为秋水仙素诱导腺毛菊苣种质创新提供理论依据。方法:试验以腺毛菊苣幼苗为材料,以秋水仙素做诱变剂,通过不同质量浓度(0.1%、0.2%)秋水仙素和不同的处理次数(4、6、8次)诱变处理子叶期腺毛菊苣生长点。通过气孔鉴定和DNA相对含量鉴定筛选诱变植株,确定其倍性水平。结果:当秋水仙素浓度为0.1%、处理次数为6次时诱变效果最好,诱导率最高为2.8%。获得了6株变异植株,其中1株六倍体、1株混倍体和4株同源四倍体。与二倍体植株相比,变异植株叶色加深、叶面积变小、叶片增厚、叶绿素b和总叶绿素含量增加、气孔变大、单位面积气孔数减少。结论:该研究获得了多种倍性水平的腺毛菊苣变异植株,为下一步的腺毛菊苣育种提供较为丰富的种质资源。

Objective:To explore the effect of colchicine concentration and treatment times on chromosome doubling of Cichorium glandulosum,so as to provide theoretical basis for the germplasm innovation of Cichorium glandulosum induced by colchicine.Methods:The seedling of Cichorium glandulosum was used as material in this experiment,the growth points of Cichorium glandulosum at cotyledon stage were treated with different concentrations of colchicine(0.1%,0.2%)and different treatment times(4,6,8 times)by taking colchicine as mutagen.Mutant plants were identified and screened by stomatal identification and DNA relative content identification to determine ploidy level.Results:When the colchicine concentration was 0.1%for 6 times of treatment,the mutagenic effect was the best and the induction rate was the highest,which was 2.8%.A total of six mutant plants were obtained,including one hexaploid,one mixoploid and four autotetraploids.Compared with diploid plants,mutant plants had deeper leaf color,smaller leaf area,thicker leaf,increased chlorophyll b and total chlorophyll contents,larger stomata and fewer stomata per unit area.Conclusion:This study has obtained variant plants of Cichorium glandulosum with multiple ploidy levels,which provides relatively rich germplasm resources for the next step of Cichorium glandulosum breeding.