黄精炮制前后的化学成分变化及其减毒增效研究

Study on Chemical Constituents, Detoxification and Synergism of Polygonati Rhizoma before and after Processing

目的:探究黄精九蒸九制过程中成分的变化规律及其减毒增效的作用机制。方法:分别采用蒽酮-硫酸法、HPLC法分析黄精炮制过程中多糖、5-羟甲基糠醛、人参皂苷Rb_(1)、薯蓣皂苷含量的变化情况。通过细胞溶血率实验、脂多糖(LPS)诱导小鼠单核巨噬细胞(RAW264.7)产生一氧化氮(NO)为体外模型,评价九蒸九制黄精的减毒作用。采用环磷酰胺致小鼠血虚模型,研究九蒸九制黄精补气增效作用。结果:黄精经过炮制后,多糖、人参皂苷Rb;的含量降低,5-羟甲基糠醛含量显著升高,薯蓣皂苷含量无明显变化。与生黄精相比,九蒸九制熟黄精可显著降低溶血率,减少刺激性。九蒸九制熟黄精甲醇提取物对NO的抑制作用显著强于生黄精(P<0.01),可以有效降低生黄精的炎症刺激性。此外,九蒸九制熟黄精可以显著提高环磷酰胺损伤小鼠的外周血WBC、RBC、HGB、PLT含量及脾脏指数,而生黄精没有明显改善作用。结论:黄精经过炮制后成分有显著变化,九蒸九制的黄精具有减毒增效的作用。

Objective:To explore the change rules of components and the mechanism of detoxification and synergism of Polygonati Rhizoma in the process of nine steaming and nine processing.Methods:Anthrone-sulfuric acid method and HPLC were used to analyze the content changes of polysaccharide,5-HMF,ginsenoside Rb_(1),dioscin during the processing of Polygonati Rhizoma.The cell hemolysis test and the production of nitric oxide(NO)by mice mononuclear macrophages(RAW264.7)induced by lipopolysaccharide(LPS)were used as the model in vitro to evaluate the toxicity reduction effect of nine steamed and nine processed Polygonati Rhizoma.The blood deficiency model of mice induced by cyclophosphamide was used to study the invigorating and synergistic effects of nine steamed and nine processed Polygonati Rhizoma.Results:After processing of Polygonati Rhizoma,the contents of polysaccharides and ginsenoside Rb;reduced,the content of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural increased significantly,while the content of dioscin had no significant changes.Compared with raw Polygonati Rhizoma,nine steamed and nine processed Polygonati Rhizoma could significantly reduce hemolysis rate and irritation.The methanol extract of nine steamed and nine processed Polygonati Rhizoma was significantly stronger in the inhibition of NO than that of raw Polygonati Rhizoma(P<0.01),which could effectively reduce the inflammatory irritation of raw Polygonatum Rhizoma.In addition,the contents of WBC,RBC,HGB,PLT in peripheral blood and spleen index of mice injured by cyclophosphamide were significantly increased by nine steamed and nine processed Polygonati Rhizoma,while the effects in raw Polygonati Rhizoma were not significantly improved.Conclusion:After processing,the components of Polygonati Rhizoma have significant changes.Nine steamed and nine processed Polygonati Rhizoma has the effect of reducing toxicity and increasing effectiveness.