基于SRAP和ISSR标记的栽培麦冬起源和遗传多样性研究

Study on Origin and Genetic Diversity of Cultivated of Ophiopogon japonicus Based on SRAP and ISSR Markers

目的:研究不同主产区域栽培麦冬的起源,分析栽培群体和野生群体的遗传多样性,为麦冬资源保护和新品种选育提供理论支撑。方法:以浙麦冬和川麦冬的栽培型和野生型群体为材料,应用SRAP及ISSR分子标记对其进行遗传多样性研究和聚类分析。结果:SRAP和ISSR这2种分子标记得到的结果高度一致,多态性比率(PPB)分别为76.06%和76.87%。麦冬群体间的遗传分化比群体内的遗传分化高,基于SRAP和ISSR标记得到的群体之间的遗传多样性(Ht)分别为0.3066和0.3167,群体内遗传多样性(Hs)分别为0.0022和0.0023。麦冬的遗传变异主要发生在群体间而非群体内,并且群体内的基因流动较弱,SRAP和ISSR标记得到的基因分化系数(Gst)均高于0.99,而群体间基因流(Nm)均低于0.01。栽培和野生的道地产区的4个川、浙麦冬群体和浙江部分地市的野生资源的亲缘关系较近,遗传相似系数在0.59以上。结论:麦冬群体间遗传多样性丰富,而栽培群体内的遗传多样性较低,遗传分化主要发生在群体间;相比四川的野生麦冬,栽培川麦冬与浙江的野生麦冬有更近的亲缘关系。

Objective:To study the origin of Ophiopogon japonicus cultivated in different main producing areas,and to analyze the genetic diversity of cultivated population and wild population,so as to provide theoretical support for the protection of Ophiopogon japonicus resources and the breeding of new varieties.Methods:The cultivated and wild-type populations of Ophiopogon japonicus in Zhejiang and Sichuan were used as materials,SRAP and ISSR molecular markers were used to study the genetic diversity and cluster analysis.Results:The results of SRAP and ISSR showed high consistency,the polymorphism ratio(PPB)was 76.06%,76.87%,respectively.The inter-population genetic differentiation of Ophiopogon japonicus was higher than that within the population.The genetic diversity between populations(Ht)based on SRAP and ISSR markers was 0.3066,0.3167,respectively,and the genetic diversity within the population(Hs)was 0.0022 and 0.0023,respectively.The genetic variation of Ophiopogon japonicus mainly occurred between populations rather than within populations,the gene flow within populations was weak.The gene differentiation coefficient(Gst)obtained by SRAP and ISSR markers was both higher than 0.99,while the gene flow between populations(Nm)was lower than 0.01.The four populations of Ophiopogon japonicus from cultivated and wild areas in Sichuan and Zhejiang provinces were closely related to the wild resources in some cities of Zhejiang province,and the genetic similarity coefficient was above 0.59.Conclusion:The genetic diversity of Ophiopogon japonicus is high among populations,but low among cultivated populations,and the genetic differentiation mainly occurs between populations.The cultivated Ophiopogon japonicus is more closely related to the wild Ophiopogon japonicus in Zhejiang than the wild Ophiopogon japonicus in Sichuan.