基于随机森林模型的超声提取优化红花中两种有效成分工艺研究

Study on Ultrasonic Extraction and Optimization of Two Effective Components in Carthamus tinctorius based on Random Forest Model

目的:采用熵权法结合随机森林数学模型同时优化红花中羟基红花黄色素A和脱水红花黄色素B两种有效成分的提取条件。方法:对红花进行超声提取,采用单因素试验选择超声温度、超声时间、液料比和超声功率作为影响提取率的因素,用Box-Benhnken中心组合试验设计确定试验方案,用HPLC测定羟基红花黄色素A和脱水红花黄色素B的含量,通过熵权法计算出羟基红花黄色素A和脱水红花黄色素B的权重值,并将综合评价值作为评价指标,再用随机森林法对提取结果进行优化。结果:随机森林得到的最佳提取工艺为:超声温度72℃、超声时间46 min、液料比为16∶1(mL/g)、超声功率112 W,在此条件下预测综合评价值为1.12,平均验证真实值为1.15,两者相对误差为2.61%。结论:将熵权法和随机森林结合应用于红花中羟基红花黄色素A和脱水红花黄色素B提取工艺的优化、分析和预测,预测吻合于验证结果,这为中药有效成分的提取工艺优化研究提供了新的思路与参考。

Objective:To optimize the extraction process of hydroxysafflor yellow A and anhydrosafflor yellow B in Carthamus tinctorius based on the entropy weight combined with random forest model.Methods:Ultrasonic temperature,ultrasonic time,liquid-to-material ratio and ultrasonic power were selected as the factors affecting the extraction rate in the single factor experiment of Carthamus tinctorius ultrasonic extraction.The experimental scheme was determined by Box-Benhnken central composite design.The contents of hydroxysafflor yellow A and anhydrosafflor yellow B were determined by HPLC.The weight values of hydroxysafflor yellow A and anhydrosafflor yellow B were calculated by entropy weight method,and the comprehensive evaluation value was taken as the evaluation index,the extraction results were optimized by random forest method.Results:The optimum extraction technology in random forest model was as follows:the ultrasonic temperature was 72℃,ultrasonic time was 46 min,liquid-to-material ratio was 16∶1(mL/g),ultrasonic power was 112 W.Under the condition,the predicted comprehensive evaluation of value was 1.12;The average of the verification test was 1.15;The relative error was 2.61%.Conclusion:Entropy weight method and random forest method are applied to optimize,analyze and predict the extraction process of hydroxysafflor yellow A and anhydrosafflor yellow B in Carthamus tinctorius,the prediction is consistent with the verification results.It provides a new idea and reference for extraction process optimization study of the effective ingredients in traditional Chinese medicine.