四川华重楼一种新病害病原菌鉴定及防治药剂筛选

Pathogen Identification of A New Disease of Paris polyphylla var. chinensis in Sichuan Province and Prevention and Cure Agent Screening

目的:分离和鉴定出四川华重楼种植区域发生的一种新病害病原菌,并进行室内防治药剂筛选,为该病害的田间防治提供理论依据。方法:通过带病组织分离获得病原菌,并对病原菌进行致病性测定、形态学和分子生物学分析,同时进行了7种杀菌剂对病原菌的室内毒力测定试验。结果:试验结合病原菌的形态特征以及rDNA-ITS、RBP2、G3PDH和HSP60基因序列分析,并构建多基因分子系统发育树,鉴定出引起华重楼新病害的病原菌为葡萄孢属灰葡萄菌Botrytis cinerea Pers.ex Fr.;室内毒力测定结果显示,80%乙蒜素乳油1 500倍液的抑菌效果最好,抑制率高达90.1%;其次是2%春雷霉素水剂1 000倍液和3%中生菌素可湿性粉剂1 000倍液,抑制率分别为84.8%和80.2%,其余药剂对菌丝的抑制率均低于80%。结论:引起华重楼新病害的病原菌为葡萄孢属灰葡萄菌Botrytis cinerea Pers.ex Fr.,同时,乙蒜素是防治葡萄孢属灰葡萄菌菌丝生长的最佳药剂。

Objective:To isolate and identify the pathogenic bacteria of a new disease in the planting area of Sichuan Paris polyphylla var. chinensis,and to screen the indoor prevention and cure agents,in order to provide theoretical basis for the field prevention and cure of the disease.Methods:The pathogenic bacteria was isolated from the diseased tissue,and the pathogenicity,morphology and molecular biology of the bacteria were analysis.Seven kinds of fungicides were used to determine the virulence of pathogens in the laboratory.Results:Combined with the morphological characteristics of pathogenic bacteria and the analysis of rDNA-ITS,RBP2,G3 PDH and HSP60 gene sequences,and the polygenic molecular phylogenetic tree was constructed,Botrytis cinerea was identified as the pathogen causing the new disease of Paris polyphylla var.chinensis.The indoor toxicity test results showed that 1 500 times of 80% ethylicin cream had the best inhibitory effect,the inhibition rate was as high as 90.1%,followed by 1 000 times of 2% rapamycin water and 1 000 times of 3% Zhongsheng mycin wettable powder,the inhibition rates were 84.8% and 80.2%,respectively.The inhibition rate of other agents on mycelia was lower than 80%.Conclusion:Botrytis cinerea Pers.ex Fr.is the pathogen causing a new disease in Paris polyphylla var.chinensis.At the same time,ethylicin is the best agent to prevention and cure the hyphae growth of Botrytis cinerea.