基于SPSS的贵州中药饮片外源性污染现状分析

SPSS-based Situation Analysis of Exogenous Pollution of Chinese Herbal Pieces in Guizhou Province

目的:调查贵州省不同来源、不同药用部位的中药饮片外源性污染现状,综合分析本地区的污染情况。方法:研究收集了贵州省不同来源的中药饮片286批,对其重金属及有害元素、有机氯及菊酯类农药残留、二氧化硫、黄曲霉毒素B1、B2、G1、G2进行了测定,采用内梅罗综合污染指数法、因子分析法,通过SPSS 22.0软件对测定结果进行统计分析。结果:不同来源的中药饮片中,来源于药材集散市场的饮片外源性污染超标率较高;不同药用部位的中药饮片中污染严重程度依次为动物类>叶类>花类,根茎类和果仁类基本属于清洁级;通过对关键污染因子进行统计分析,结果表明本地区中药饮片中外源性综合污染影响权重依次为Cd、Pb>Hg、As>Cu>SO2,可见本地区的外源性污染物主要为重金属及有害元素。结论:该研究可为本地区药材种植、加工及管理提供理论依据及建议。

Objective:To investigate the status of exogenous pollution of Chinese herbal pieces from different sources and different parts in Guizhou province,and to comprehensive analysis the pollution situation in the region.Methods:A total of 286 batches of Chinese herbal pieces from different sources in Guizhou province were collected.Heavy metals and harmful elements,organochlorine and pyrethroid pesticide residues,sulfur dioxide and aflatoxins B1,B2,G1 and G2 were measured.Nemero comprehensive pollution index method and factor analysis method were used to statistically analyze the measured results with SPSS 22.0 software.Results:Among the Chinese medicine pieces from different sources,the over-standard rate of exogenous pollution was higher in the collection and distribution market.The degree of pollution in Chinese medicine pieces with different medicinal parts was animals>leaves>flowers,respectively,and the roots and nuts were basically of clean grade.Through the statistical analysis of key pollution factors,the results showed that the weight of exogenous comprehensive pollution in Chinese herbal medicines in this region were Cd,Pb>Hg,As>Cu>SO2,it could be seen that the exogenous pollutants in this area were mainly heavy metals and harmful elements.Conclusion:The study can provide theoretical basis and suggestions for the cultivation,processing and management of Chinese medicinal materials in this area.