百年来的中国共产党与中国农民:政策变革与关系演进

The Communist Party of China and the Chinese Farmers in the Past 100 Years:Policy Reform and Relationship Evolution

新民主主义革命时期,中国共产党通过土地革命获得了占人口绝大多数的广大农民的拥护,建立了新中国;社会主义革命和建设时期,中国共产党通过农业合作化、农村集体化政策,成功动员农民支持国家工业化建设;改革开放和社会主义现代化建设新时期,中国共产党充分尊重农民创造,顺势实行"大包干"、取消农业税、实行村民自治、开展社会主义新农村建设,农民生活水平大大提高;进入中国特色社会主义新时代,党中央提出"三权分置"、精准扶贫、全面建成小康、实施乡村振兴战略等系列重要政策,广大农民切实感受时代的变化,更加坚定跟党走。提出当前要更加重视农村政策重要性,在乡村基建、农民消费、生态资源开发、新型集体经济方面采取行动,发挥"三农"稳定器作用。

In the period of the New Democratic Revolution,the Communist Party of China,through the Agrarian Revolution,won support of the farmers who accounted for the vast majority of China’s population and hence established the People’s Republic of China;in the period of socialist revolution and construction,the Party,by adopting agricultural co-operative and collectivization policies,successfully mobilized the farmers to support the country’s industrialization construction;in the new period of reform,opening up and socialist modernization,the Party,fully respecting the creativity of the farmers and responding to the call of the farmers,adopted the policy of"big contract responsibility",abolished agricultural taxes,exercised villagers’autonomy,and carried out the campaign of building a new socialist countryside,which significantly improved the farmers’living standards;in the new era of socialism with Chinese characteristics,the Party Central Committee has initiated a series of important policies such as the"separation of three rights",targeted poverty alleviation,building a moderately prosperous society in all respects,and implementing a rural revitalization strategy,which have given a strong sense of fulfillment to the majority of the farmers and motivated them to follow the Party.The Party highlights the consistency of rural policies,and takes actions in rural infrastructure development,rural consumption,ecological conservation and development,and new collective economy,so as to give full play to the role of agriculture,rural areas,and rural people as a stabilizer of the society.