清代口外王公牧厂探赜

Exploration on the Northern Pastoral Land of Nobility in Qing Dynasty

利用清代的朱批奏折、军机处录副奏折、八旗察哈尔相关的舆图、地方档案馆保存的清末贻谷督办蒙旗垦务档案等,探讨清代口外王公牧厂的幅员、设置来源和开垦过程等诸多历史问题,并从两个层面去阐释清代王公牧厂制存续的历史意义:在政治层面上,王公牧厂的组建是清朝分封制和军功贵族制的组成部分;在政区沿革上,王公牧厂的后续演变和改制成为清末蒙地开垦和边疆行政转变的重要起因。

This article explores on various historical problems relating to the vast pastoral land owned by nobility in Qing Dynasty,the layout setting and reclamation processes through investigating on imperial approved notes,notes recorded by the military department,the related maps of the eight banners,and files of the reclamation saved in local archives.The article depicts the historical significance of the sustaining of pastoral land of nobility in the Qing Dynasty from two aspects:on the political level,the formation was the part of the division and the aristocratic system of military nobility;on the evolution of the government,the subsequent evolution and restructuring of the royal pastoral land became an important cause for the reclamation of Mongolia and the transformation of border administration in the late Qing Dynasty.