人类学的黄土文明研究:倡导、理论与实践

Anthropological Loess Civilization Research: Advocacy, Theory and Practice

黄土文明是指在长期的历史发展过程中,孕育、诞生和成长于我国黄土高原这一特定自然环境与社会环境中的一种文化形态,是中华文明的重要文化基因,其发展历程体现了费孝通先生提出的“中华民族多元一体格局”。2012年,在山西省介休市召开的“维护文化遗产,发展城市文化”高级论坛上,著名人类学家乔健提出了人类学黄土文明研究的概念体系,阐释了以“文化自觉”和“自觉发展”为核心的理论体系,在探寻植根于本土文化传承的介休模式的同时,试图“建构一种人类学中华本土化的初期模型”。黄土文明研究展示了以文明为单位的区域划分模式,有助于归纳总结出属于中国人类学的概念体系、理论构想、话语体系及研究范式,对于中国人类学的本土化与国际化、人类学复杂文明社会研究都具有重要意义。

Loess civilization refers to a cultural form that was bred,born and grows in the specific natural and social environment of the Loess Plateau in China in the long process of historical development.It is an important cultural gene of Chinese civilization,and its development course reflects the“diversity in unity of the Chinese nation”proposed by Mr.Fei Xiaotong.In 2012,at the high level forum themed“Safeguarding Cultural Heritage and Developing Urban Culture”held in Jiexiu City,Shanxi Province,Mr.Qiao Jian proposed the concept system of anthropological loess civilization research.It depicted the theoretical system with“cultural self-consciousness”and“self-conscious development”as the core,and tries to explore the Jiexiu model rooted in the local cultural inheritance,and“construct an initial model of the localization of Chinese anthropology”.The research of loess civilization shows the regional division mode of civilization,which is beneficial to summarize the concept system,theoretical conception,discourse system and research paradigm belonging to Chinese anthropology,and it is of great significance to the localization and internationalization of Chinese anthropology and the research of anthropology and complex civilized society.