建模VS顺势:中西功效策略之比较

Modelisation versus Propensity:Comparison of Chinese and Western strategies of“efficacy”

在《功效论》一书中,法国当代哲学家兼汉学家弗朗索瓦·朱利安就中西双方对“功效”策略的不同思考模式进行了对照,提出西方以柏拉图、亚里士多德、《战争论》、《君主论》为代表的功效策略反映了一种“公式化”、“模型化”思维,功效产生于“目的—计划—行动”的组织链。贯穿于兵家、法家、纵横家、道家和儒家思想的中国功效策略则体现了一种“顺势思维”,功效取决于人所面临的客观局势,通过掌握局势当中的有利条件达成目标。

In A Treatise on efficacy,the French philosopher and sinologist François Jullien compared the two thinking modes of“efficacy”between China and the West.The Western concept of efficacy,represented by Plato,Aristotle,On War of Clausewitz and The Prince of Machiavelli,proposes the organizational strategy of“purpose-plan-action”.The Chinese strategy,which runs through different schools including military strategists,Legalists,political strategists,Taoists and Confucianists,focuses on the propensity of things.Efficacy depends on the objective situation and will be achieved by seeking the favorable conditions.