吸附法去除水中重金属复合污染物的研究状况

Removal of Heavy Metal Complex Pollutants in Water by Adsorption

随着经济、社会的快速发展,重金属污染已经成为世界上最严重的环境问题之一。在水环境中,重金属通常与其他金属或非金属污染物之间形成复合污染物。本文首先介绍了重金属复合污染物之间复杂的相互作用,简要总结了三大相互作用:竞争作用、协同作用和强络合作用对重金属去除的影响。在上述基础之上,然后对吸附法同时去除水体中重金属及其复合污染物的研究情况作了简要的综述,着重评述了各种吸附材料在去除重金属复合污染物的各项优势,包括:改性多功能化复合材料可以提高与复合污染物的作用力,磁性纳米材料易于分离等。最后就吸附法、高性能吸附材料在重金属复合物染物去除领域中的应用前景进行了分析,指出了今后的研究应侧重于重金属复合污染物的去除,并且提出了通过提高吸附剂与复合污染物的作用力从而实现污染物去除的新思路。

With the rapid economic and social development,heavy metal pollution has become one of the most serious environmental problems in the world.Heavy metals often form complex pollutants with other metals or non-metallic pollutants in water environment.This article first introduced the complex interactions between heavy metal complex pollutants,include competitive effect,synergistic effect and strong complexation.Then,the research on the simultaneous removal of heavy metals and their composite pollutants in water by adsorption method was briefly reviewed.And the advantages of various adsorbent materials in removing heavy metal composite pollutants ware highlighted.This paper focused on the advantages of various adsorbent materials in removing heavy metal complex pollutants.Finally it also analyzed the application prospects of the adsorption method and high-perfonnance adsorption materials in the removal of heavy metal complex pollutants,and pointed out that the future of research should focus on the removal of heavy metal complex pollutants,and proposed a new idea to achieve pollutants removal:through enhancing the interaction force of adsorbents and complex contamlnants.