渐进性调适:公众议程、网媒议程和政策议程互动的演进过程分析——以“网约车”政策出台为研究对象

Analysis of the Interactive Evolution of Public Agenda,Internet Media Agenda and Policy Agenda——A Case Study on Online Car-hailing Policy Making

基于公众议程、网媒议程和政策议程设置的内外影响因素,本文构建了三者互动的基本分析框架。公众议程设置的影响因素在于利益诉求和表达机会;网媒议程设置的影响因素在于媒体的选择性和交互性;政府政策议程设置的影响因素在于政府的自主性和政策问题建构性。通过网约车政策形成的演进过程分析,可以发现三者互动是渐进调适形成的,从单方面启动,互动缺失,再经由公众议程推动,网媒议程的介入,公众和网媒议程的互动推进,最终形成三者成熟互动的形态。三者在互动中的主体角色体现在:公众议程设置是基于先导性和基础性的渐进调适,网媒议程设置是基于平台性和包容性的渐进调适,政策议程设置是基于自主性和被动性的渐进调适。网媒是三方议程互动重要的中介环节,但能否推动对政策议程设置的转变,最终取决于公众议程设置定向需求和政策议程设置自主性的契合程度。

Based on the internal and external influencing factors of public agenda,online media agenda and policy agenda setting,this paper constructs a basic analysis framework of the interaction among above three aspects.The influencing factors are distinctively different,of which the public agenda setting lies in interest expression opportunities,the online media agenda setting lies in media selectivity and interactivity,and the government policy agenda setting lies in government autonomy and constructiveness of policy issues.Analyzing on the evolution process of the online car-hailing policy,it can be found that the interaction of above three parties is gradually formed,starting unilaterally without interaction,finally matured through promotion of public agenda,intervention of online media agenda,and interaction between the public and online media agenda.The main roles of the three parties in the interaction are as follows:setting of public agenda is based on gradual adjustment of guiding and basic conditions;setting of online media agenda is based on gradual adjustment of platform and inclusiveness;setting of policy agenda is based on gradual adjustment of autonomy and passivity.Internet media is a key intermediary link for the interaction of the three parties,but whether the change of the policy agenda setting could be promoted depends on conformity between the public’s targeted demand for agenda setting and the autonomy of policy agenda setting.