孕穗期低温胁迫对优质香稻产量及其构成因素的影响

Effects of Low Temperature Stress at Booting Stage on Yield and Its Components of High Quality Fragrant Rice

为探明孕穗期冷害对优质香稻产量及其构成因素的影响,以冷敏感品种绥粳4和冷钝感品种垦稻08-169为试验材料,于孕穗期17℃低温处理0(CK)、3、6、9d,研究孕穗期低温胁迫对优质香稻产量及其构成因素的影响。结果表明,孕穗期低温胁迫降低优质香稻产量及其构成因素。其中低温胁迫3、6、9d极显著降低2个品种的穗上、中、下部每穗粒数,使整穗每穗粒数下降。低温胁迫6、9d极显著降低2个品种的穗上、中、下部千粒重,使整穗千粒重下降。低温处理6d极显著降低了绥粳4的穗上、中、下部结实率和垦稻08-169穗下部结实率,低温处理9d极显著降低了2个品种穗上、中、下部结实率,使整穗结实率下降。不同耐冷品种产量构成因素对低温胁迫的响应存在差异,结合生产实际以低温6d为标准,孕穗期低温胁迫对冷敏感绥粳4穗上、中部结实率影响更大,对冷钝感品种垦稻08-169的穗下部千粒重影响更大。因此,孕穗期低温胁迫通过降低穗上、中、下部每穗粒数、千粒重和穗下部结实率来减少优质香稻产量。

In order to investigate the effect of low temperature stress on the yield and its components of high quality fragrant rice,cold-sensitive cultivar Suijing 4 and cold-tolerant cultivar Kendao 08-169 were used as experimental materials,and were treated at 17℃for 0(CK),3,6 and 9d at booting stage.The effects of low temperature stress at booting stage on yield and its components of different parts of panicle of high quality fragrant rice were studied.The results showed low temperature stress at booting stage decreased the yield and its components of high quality fragrant rice.The number of grains per panicle in the upper,middle and lower parts of panicle of the two varieties were significantly decreased under low temperature stress for 3,6 and 9d,and the number of grains per panicle in the whole panicle decreased.Low temperature stress on 6 and 9d significantly decreased the 1000-grain weight of the upper,middle and lower parts of panicle of the two varieties,and decreased the 1000-grain weight of the whole panicle.Low temperature stress for six days significantly decreased the seed-setting rate of the upper,middle and lower of Suijing 4 and the parts seed-setting rate of lower parts of Kendao 08-169,and low temperature stress for nine days significantly decreased the seed-setting rate of the upper,middle and lower parts of the two varieties,and the seed-setting rate of the whole panicle decreased.The yield components of cold-tolerant variety were different in response to low temperature stress,and taking low temperature six days the standard,low temperature stress at booting stage had a greater effect on the seedsetting rate in the upper and middle parts of cold-sensitive cultivar Suijing 4 and the 1000-grain weight at the lower parts of cold-sensitive cultivated rice Kendao 08-169.Therefore,low temperature stress at booting stage decreased the yield of high-quality fragrant rice by reducing the number of grains per panicle,1000-grain weight and seed-setting rate at the booting stage.