大豆微核心种质资源抗旱性评价

Drought Tolerance Evaluation of Soybean Mini Core Collections

抗旱性是大豆在干旱胁迫下高产稳产的重要生态性状,筛选耐旱种质资源提高新品种的抗旱能力,是保障大豆高产稳产的重要途径之一。以大豆微核心种质为研究对象,采用大豆成株期抗旱性鉴定方法,利用海南冬季干旱少雨的气候特点,系统调查了干旱对163份不同大豆资源的株高、主茎节数、单株荚数和单株粒数等4个农艺性状的影响。再利用加权隶属函数分析和聚类分析的方法,对163份微核心种质的抗旱性进行综合评价。结果表明,供试的163份大豆微核心种质可划分为5个抗旱等级,并鉴定出高抗旱(1级)种质4份(ZDD02159、ZDD10430、ZDD13560和ZDD16874)、抗旱(2级)种质14份、中抗旱(3级)种质52份、敏感(4级)种质74份以及高敏感(5级)种质19份。这些研究结果和抗旱种质的挖掘,为利用资源拓宽遗传基础,培育抗旱大豆新品种和抗旱基因发掘与功能研究提供了参考。

Drought resistance is an important ecological trait for high and stable yield of soybean with drought stress.Screening drought-tolerant germplasm resources to improve drought resistance of new varieties is one of the important ways to ensure high and stable yield of soybean.A total of 163 mini-core collections of soybean were used for drought resistance identification at soybean adult stage in Hainan province due to its dry and rainless climate featuring in winter.Four agronomic characteristics,plant height,the number of nodes,pod number per plant and seed number per plant were investigated.By using weighted membership function method and cluster analysis,total five drought resistance levels were found in 163 mini-core collections of soybean.Four accessions were identified as highly drought tolerant(level-1),namely ZDD02159,ZDD10430,ZDD13560,and ZDD16874,14 drought resistant(level-2)germplasms,52 moderate drought resistant(level-3)germplasms,74 sensitive(level-4)germplasms,and 19 highly sensitive(level-5)germplasms.These research results and the excavation of drought resistant germplasms provide reference for the utilization of resources to broaden the genetic foundation and breed new drought resistant soybean varieties,as well as for the exploration and functional research of drought resistant genes.