“中等收入陷阱”存在与否及其影响因素

On the Existence and Influencing Factors of Middle Income Trap

自"中等收入陷阱"概念提出以来,一直是学术界讨论的热点。本文围绕其界定方式、存在与否以及影响因素三个方面对现有相关文献进行了梳理、总结,结果表明:(1)现有文献对"中等收入陷阱"界定的方式有绝对收入阈值界定和相对收入阈值界定两种,并从绝对收入阈值界定向相对收入阈值界定发展。(2)大部分文献的研究结果表明"中等收入陷阱"存在,并进行了解释说明。(3)综合现有文献研究成果可以得到这样的结论:一国的人力资本、出口结构、制度、开放程度和收入分配五方面因素对跨越"中等收入陷阱"具有重要作用,并且,不同国家在跨越"中等收入陷阱"时还需解决其经济发展的特有问题。最后,在总结现有文献基础上,本文提出现有研究的不足以及未来的研究展望。

The"middle income trap"has been a hot topic in academic circle since this concept was put forward.This paper analyzes and summarizes the related literatures of"middle income traps"from the definition of"middle income trap",the existence debate and the driving factors of"middle income trap".Conclusions are as follows:First,the existing literature defines the"middle income trap"in two ways:absolute income threshold definition and relative income threshold definition,and it develops from the definition of absolute income threshold to the definition of relative income threshold.Second,the results of most literature indicate the existence of the"middle income trap"and explain it with some economic theories.Third,the main factors that make the country cross the"middle income trap"are high human capital,proper export structure,perfect institutions,high openness,and reasonable income distribution.In addition,different countries have their own influencing factors when crossing the"middle income trap".Finally,on the basis of summarizing the existing literature,this paper puts forward the deficiencies of existing research and future research prospects.