狙击假新闻:事实核查与信息失序的治理

Combating Fake News:Fact-Checking and Governance Approaches to Information Disorder

独立组织、传统新闻媒体和信息通信技术(ICTs)公司是识别可疑信息、开展科学调查并公开做出事实真伪判断的主体机构。面对数字时代的信息失序乱象,人工智能技术被用于识别假新闻,“真值量表”主要评估可疑信息的真实程度,针对图片和视频态信息识别的细分程序助力核查向精细化发展,旨在判断真伪并修正错误信息的“自动化事实核查”(AFC)的实践仍离不开人类监视。“科学客观性”“专业客观性”“去客观性”修正传统客观性理念并构成信息失序治理中的全新观念认知,基于事实核查的信息失序治理规范标准尚未形成共识,运用数字核查技术治理信息失序的场景适用性也还有待提升。

Independent organizations,traditional news media,and information and communication technology companies(ICTs)are the main forces behind identifying suspicious information,conducting scientific investigations,and publicizing judgments.Facing information disorder of digital age,this research found that artificial intelligence methods are used to identify fake news,suspicious news are mainly evaluated based on a truth value scale,and the verification of pictures and video content further refine fact-checking.With the use of artificial intelligence technology,the automated fact-checking(AFC)algorithms aimed at realtime monitoring,judging authenticity,and correcting erroneous information have emerged,but the application of this technology still needs to be completed under human surveillance.“Scientific objectivity”“professional objectivity”and“deobjectivity”have replaced the traditional concept of objectivity towards the governance of information disorder.However,there is no consensus on the normative standards for the governance of information disorder,and the applicability of factchecking technologies needs to be optimized.