從物質形態與文本構成論敦煌寫本僧傳文學

Biographical Literature in Dunhuang Manuscripts:Studies on Material Forms and Textual Structure

一、研究旨趣近年中西方學術界對於文獻與文本的研究發展,逐漸從傳統的物質文本研究朝向與非物質文本結合。物質文本的研究也從紙質文本開展到與非紙質文本的統整。紙質文本,包含了寫本、刻本、拓本與印本等,傳統的文獻學、文本學研究主要以傳世的刻本、印本爲主;20世紀以來,敦煌吐魯番文獻的發現,寫本文獻、文本的研究快速成爲時代潮流與研究核心。與此同時,非紙質文本的物質文獻、文本,包含了金石、簡牘、陶瓷、磚刻,等等,也先後大量出土,在整理研究的同時,也促進了傳統研究方法的提升。1925年王國維“二重證據法”①的提出,主要倡導地下材料與傳世典籍的互證,實際上就是紙質文本與非紙質文本的結合應用。

This paper focuses on materiality of texts by studying both paper texts and non-paper texts.It examines the original forms of biographical literature in Dunhuang manuscripts including Biographical ExcerptS of Eminent MonkS,EulogieS to Eminent MonkS,and RecordS on the Affinity of Eminent MonkS,analyzing their material forms,textual structure and tracing their spread as material texts.It also offers a case study on the texts about Fotudeng,a monk from the Western Regions and interprets the use of material forms of manuscripts in the spread of biographical literature.By combining these types of manuscripts with other texts on the same manuscripts,this paper aims to illustrate the actual situation about the spread of biographical literature in Buddhism.In the meantime,it also looks into the non-paper materials such as caves and wall paintings.By an inter-textual study,this paper sheds new light on the diverse development and spread of Chinese Buddhist biographical literature.