实景树木参数化建模方法研究

Research on the method for parametric modeling of real trees

受限于航空倾斜摄影图像的拍摄角度,三维重建场景中的树木模型存在大量失真、变形和空洞。而更为精细的树木建模方法,如基于近景图像、激光点云的树木建模方法效率低且成本较高。因此,提出一种具有真实感的实景树木参数化建模方法,对真实场景中的航空倾斜摄影图像和树木三维点云进行特征提取,归纳各类树木的几何外形、拓扑结构和纹理材质,设计一套适用于各类树木的生长规则,最终实现实景树木多细节层次建模。实验结果表明,该方法能够保证模型整体的完整性和细节的真实性,同时满足场景渲染要求,为三维场景重建、数字林业和智慧城市等应用提供有效的技术支撑。

The tree model in the three-dimensional reconstruction has a lot of distortion and voids,limited by the shooting angle of aerial oblique photographic images.More elaborate tree modeling methods,such as those based on close-up images and laser point clouds,are inefficient and costly.Therefore,a parametric modeling method for real trees with realistic sense is proposed.It extracts features from aerial oblique photographic images and three-dimensional point clouds of trees in real scenes,sum⁃marizes geometric shapes,topology,textures and materials of various trees.A set of growth rules suitable for all kinds of trees is designed.Finally,a multi-level detail modeling of real trees is realized.Experi⁃mental results show that the proposed method can ensure the integrity of the model and the authenticity of the details,meet the requirements of scene rendering efficiency,and provide effective technical support for applications such as 3D scene reconstruction,digital forestry and smart city.