碑刻所见清代昭通地区的地方治理

The Local Governance of Zhaotong Area of the Qing Dynasty in the View of Inscription

昭通地处乌蒙山区腹地,境内民族众多,在推进统一多民族国家建构与发展的历史进程中有自身独特的模式。碑刻独特的载体特质在民族融合、华夏一体进程中发挥了特殊的记录作用。现有资可查的昭通碑刻逾300通,清朝时期的约150通,大致可分为学宫碑、水利碑、德政碑、禁约碑、圣旨碑、墓志铭和摩崖等几类,内容多为文教治理、民生建设、法律禁令等,集中反映了昭通发展的历史观。无论是民间刻碑还是官方勒石,均说明民间自主交流交往和政府主导治理管控,是历史上清代昭通地区加强地方治理的重要手段,为昭通在当下社会的发展提供了重要历史经验和治理智慧。

Zhaotong is located in the hinterland of the Wumeng Mountains,and exists numerous ethnic groups within its territory,which has its own unique model in the historical process of promoting the construction and development of a unified multi-ethnic country.The unique carrier characteristics of inscriptions have played a special recording role in the process of ethnic integration and the integration of China.There are nearly 300 available inscriptions in Zhaotong,including about 150 from the Qing Dynasty.These inscriptions can be roughly divided into several categories:academic palace inscriptions,water conservancy inscriptions,moral governance inscriptions,prohibition inscriptions,imperial edicts inscriptions,epitaphs,and cliffs.The content mainly includes cultural and educational governance,people's livelihood construction,and legal prohibitions,reflecting the historical perspective of Zhaotong's development.Both folk inscriptions and official inscriptions indicate that independent communication and government-led governance and control among the people were important means of strengthening local governance in the Zhaotong area during the Qing Dynasty,providing important historical experience and governance wisdom for the development of Zhaotong in contemporary society.