基于新《标准》高等HSK学术阅能力的测量要素及其题型设计

Measurement Elements of Academic Reading Ability and Sample Questions of Advanced HSK based on the New Chinese Proficiency Grading Standards For International Chinese Language Education

学术阅读能力是留学生运用汉语顺利完成学术任务所必需的能力,对其进行测量和评价是培养汉语作为第二语言学习者的学术能力的重要环节。然而面向学术中文测试的具体方案尚未成形,HSK学术阅读能力测试暂时缺位,这不符合《教育部2022年工作要点》中所提出的完善国际中文教育考试标准的需要,同时,也不利于应对日益增长的学历留学生学术能力的测试需求。因此研究首先得出HSK学术阅读能力的四点测量要素:(1)检索、获取、整合、分析并运用细节信息的能力;(2)推理逻辑关系的能力;(3)识别、分析图表信息的能力;(4)总结归纳、评述观点的能力。其次,通过自建中文学术论文语料库,并从中摘取合适的学术文本,选用非等量配伍题、非等量选句填空题、图表类完型填空题和简短答案综合题编写若干例题。

Academic reading ability is a necessary ability for international studentscomplete academic taskssuccessfully with Chinese.Measuring and evaluating it is an important part of cultivating the academic ability of them.However,the specific plan for the academic Chinese test has not yet been formed,and the HSK academic reading ability test is temporarily absent,which does not meet the needs of improving the international Chinese education test standards proposed in the"Key Points of the Ministry of Education’s Work in 2022".It is also not conducive to responding to the growing demand for testing the academic ability of international students with academic qualification..Therefore,this paper firstly draws the four measurement elements of HSK academic reading ability:(1)The ability to retrieve,obtain,integrate,analyze and apply detailed information;(2)The ability to reason logical relationships;(3)The ability to recognize and analyze chart information;(4)The ability to summarize and comment on ideas.Based on the work above,this paper uses the self-built Chinese academic paper corpus,and extracts appropriate academic texts from it,and then,selects non-equivalent matching questions,non-equivalent sentence-filling questions,chart-type cloze filling-in-theblank questions and short-answer comprehensive questions to compile several example questions.